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In 1922, Lenin's health was rapidly deteriorating alongside his relationship with Stalin. [6] Lenin and Trotsky had formed a bloc alliance to counter bureaucratisation of the party and the growing influence of Stalin. [7] [8] Lenin wrote a pamphlet, "Lenin's Testament", urging the party to remove Stalin as General Secretary fearing his ...
Marxism–Leninism (Russian: Марксизм-ленинизм, Marksizm-Leninizm) is a communist ideology that became the largest faction of the communist movement in the world in the years following the October Revolution. It was the predominant ideology of most communist governments throughout the 20th century. [ 1 ] It was developed in ...
Stalinism (Russian: Сталинизм, Stalinizm) is the totalitarian [1][2][3] means of governing and Marxist–Leninist policies implemented in the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1927 to 1953 by dictator Joseph Stalin and in Soviet satellite states between 1944 and 1953. Stalin had previously made a career as a gangster and robber, [4] working to ...
Lenin's Testament. Lenin's Testament is a document dictated by Vladimir Lenin in late 1922 and early 1923. In the testament, Lenin proposed changes to the structure of the Soviet governing bodies. Sensing his impending death, he also gave criticism of Bolshevik leaders Zinoviev, Kamenev, Trotsky, Bukharin, Pyatakov, and Stalin.
Leninism (Russian: Ленинизм, Leninizm) is a political ideology developed by Russian Marxist revolutionary Vladimir Lenin that proposes the establishment of the dictatorship of the proletariat led by a revolutionary vanguard party as the political prelude to the establishment of communism. Lenin's ideological contributions to the Marxist ...
Khlevniuk nevertheless believed that the pair developed a "strong bond" over the years, [521] while Kotkin suggested that Stalin's friendship with Lenin was "the single most important relationship in Stalin's life". [522] After Lenin's death, Stalin relied heavily on Lenin's writings—far more so than those of Marx and Engels—to guide him in ...
This created friction between Stalin and Trotsky. Stalin even wrote to Lenin asking that Trotsky be relieved of his post. [21] Stalin ordered the executions of any suspected counter-revolutionaries. [23] In the countryside, he burned villages to intimidate the peasantry into submission and discourage bandit raids on food shipments. [21]
—Lenin, claiming that people had only two choices; a choice between two different, but distinct class dictatorships. Lenin, according to his interpretation of Marx's theory of the state, believed democracy to be unattainable anywhere in the world before the proletariat seized power. According to Marxist theory, the state is a vehicle for oppression and is headed by a ruling class, an "organ ...