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Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a class of proteins that play a key role in the innate immune system. They are single-spanning receptors usually expressed on sentinel cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells, that recognize structurally conserved molecules derived from microbes.
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a class of proteins that play a key role in the innate immune system as well as the digestive system. They are single, membrane-spanning, non-catalytic receptors that recognize structurally conserved molecules derived from microbes.
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) belong to PRRs, and they are crucial in host protection against microbial infections as they generate innate immune response (Vidya et al., 2017). They recognize both PAMPs and DAMPs derived from tissue damage (Yu & Feng, 2018; Gauthier et al., 2010).
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are well-defined pattern recognition receptors responsible for pathogen recognition and induction of innate immune responses.
Kagan and Fitzgerald comprehensively review the functions and mechanisms of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which are crucial detectors of microbial biomolecules and mediators of cellular immunity. They synthesize the overarching themes that have emerged from TLR signaling but are repeated throughout the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) superfamily.
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have an extracellular region, which contains leucine-rich repeat motifs, and a cytoplasmic tail, which has a Toll/interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor (TIR) domain....
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the important mediators of inflammatory pathways in the gut which play a major role in mediating the immune responses towards a wide variety of pathogen-derived ligands and link adaptive immunity with the innate immunity.
One such family is the Toll‐like receptors (TLRs). Activation of TLRs induces production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and type I interferons: the former triggers the synthesis of inflammatory mediators which cause fever, pain and other inflammation, and the latter mediates antiviral responses.
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a class of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that initiate the innate immune response by sensing conserved molecular patterns for early immune recognition of a pathogen (1).
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are vital components of the innate immune system, serving as the first line of defense against pathogens by recognizing a wide array of molecular patterns. This review summarizes the critical roles of TLRs in immune surveillance and disease pathogenesis, focusing on their structure, signaling pathways, and ...