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A fine or mulct (the latter synonym typically used in civil law) is a penalty of money that a court of law [1] or other authority decides has to be paid as punishment for a crime or other offense.
A civil penalty or civil fine is a financial penalty imposed by a government agency as restitution for wrongdoing. The wrongdoing is typically defined by a codification of legislation, regulations, and decrees. The civil fine is not considered to be a criminal punishment, because it is primarily sought in order to compensate the state for harm ...
Criminology and penology. In the United States, criminal justice financial obligations (CJFOs), alternatively monetary sanctions or legal financial obligations, refers to costs paid by individuals as a result of their involvement in the criminal justice system. [1] CJFOs consist of fines, property forfeiture, costs, fees, and victim restitution ...
v. t. e. Economic sanctions are commercial and financial penalties applied by states or institutions against states, groups, or individuals. [1][2] Economic sanctions are a form of coercion that attempts to get an actor to change its behavior through disruption in economic exchange.
An Administrative Monetary Penalty is a civil penalty imposed by a regulator for a contravention of an Act, regulation or by-law. [1] It is issued upon discovery of an unlawful event, and is due and payable subject only to any rights of review that may be available under the AMP's implementing scheme. [1] It is regulatory in nature, rather than ...
Wisconsin Bell, Inc. v. United States ex rel. Todd Heath, No. 23-1127, ___ U.S. ___ (2025) The False Claims Act of 1863 (FCA) [ 1 ] is an American federal law that imposes liability on persons and companies (typically federal contractors) who defraud governmental programs. It is the federal government's primary litigation tool in combating ...
The acronym was coined in the 1980s by University of Denver professors Penelope Canan and George W. Pring. [10] The term was originally defined as "a lawsuit involving communications made to influence a governmental action or outcome, which resulted in a civil complaint or counterclaim filed against nongovernment individuals or organizations on a substantive issue of some public interest or ...
e. In economics and finance, market manipulation is a type of market abuse where there is a deliberate attempt to interfere with the free and fair operation of the market; the most blatant of cases involve creating false or misleading appearances with respect to the price of, or market for, a product, security or commodity. [citation needed]