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Contraindications to breastfeeding are those conditions that could compromise the health of the infant if breast milk from their mother is consumed. Examples include galactosemia, untreated HIV, untreated active tuberculosis, Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 or II, uses illicit drugs, or mothers undergoing chemotherapy or radiation treatment. [1][2]
Alcohol (also known as ethanol) has a number of effects on health. Short-term effects of alcohol consumption include intoxication and dehydration. Long-term effects of alcohol include changes in the metabolism of the liver and brain, several types of cancer and alcohol use disorder. [1] Alcohol intoxication affects the brain, causing slurred ...
When breastfeeding, alcohol may be consumed in moderation and does not require "Pumping-and-Dumping" (pumping and discarding breastmilk). [9]: 105–109 [145] Alcohol crosses from the blood to the breastmilk by diffusion. Thus, the concentration of alcohol in the breastmilk is approximately equal to the concentration in the maternal bloodstream ...
During this time, breast milk provides a "complete source of nutrition" for a child. After 6 months of age, babies can continue nursing while other sources of nutrition are introduced, including ...
An infant receiving breastfeeding. [1] Establishment of breastfeeding refers to the initiation of providing breast milk of mother to baby. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), [2] breastfeeding is the best way to provide nourishment, including essential nutrients, energy and antibodies, to infants and toddlers.
Breastfeeding data in the U.S. is currently collected by the CDC [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention], but those data stop at 12 months,” Meek says. “Changing the recommendations to ...
Figuring out the exact mechanism of this relationship between FADS2, breastfeeding, and IQ will require further study, ... (i.e., excess alcohol consumption and drug use) in adulthood." ...
Traditionally, breastfeeding has been defined as the consumption of breastmilk by any means, be it directly at the breast, or feeding expressed breast milk. [3] When direct feeding at the breast is not possible, expressed breast milk retains many unique nutritional and immunological qualities, and as such remains the gold standard for feeding infants. [4]