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The policy, formally titled Opinions on Further Reducing the Homework Burden and Off-Campus Training Burden of Students in Compulsory Education, was issued on 24 July 2021 by the General Office of the Chinese Communist Party and the State Council of the People's Republic of China. [2]
China's Five-Year Plans are an important means of coordinating education policy. [43]: 149 Deng Xiaoping's far-ranging educational reform policy, which involved all levels of the education system, aimed to narrow the gap between China and other developing countries.
Chinese education authorities have emphasized meritocracy as a social equalizer. [2] There are 13 statutory types of academic degrees in China: Bachelor / Master / Doctor of Philosophy, Economics, Law, Education, Literature, History, Science, Engineering, Agriculture, Medicine, Management, Military Science, and Fine Arts.
The policy was updated again in 2021, allowing couples to have three children. This modification to policy was announced on 31 May 2021, at a meeting of the Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party. [78] [79] The policy went into effect in August 2021. [80] Two months later, the policy was abolished and all family planning restrictions were lifted.
The Five-Year Plans (Chinese: 五年计划; pinyin: Wǔnián Jìhuà) are a series of social and economic development initiatives issued by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) since 1953 in the People's Republic of China. Since 1949, the CCP has shaped the Chinese economy through the plenums of its Central Committee and national party congresses.
The Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China is a constituent department of the State Council, responsible for basic education, vocational education, higher education, and other educational affairs throughout the country. The Ministry of Education acts as the predominant funder of national universities and colleges in China.
After the success of the Chinese Communist Revolution and the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, the CCP brought the educational system under national control. Improving population-wide literacy was the focus of education in the early years of the PRC. [12] In 1949, the literacy rate was only between 20 and 40%. [12]
Compulsory education is the beginning of students' education (including ideological and intellectual aspects) and is closely related to the People's Republic of China's literacy campaign. Through this stage of the study, students can acquire basic survival skills. Free primary and secondary education is for public schools only.