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In sociology, age stratification refers to the hierarchical ranking of people into age groups within a society. [1] Age stratification could also be defined as a system of inequalities linked to age. In Western societies, for example, both the old and the young are perceived and treated as relatively incompetent and excluded from much social life.
In different societies, age may be viewed or treated differently. For example, age may be measured starting from conception or birth, starting at either zero or age one. Transitions such as reaching puberty, age of majority, or retirement are often socially significant.
Age segregation is the separation of people based on their age, and may be observed in many aspects of some societies. [1] Examples of institutionalized age segregation include age segregation in schools, and age-segregated housing. There are studies of informal age segregation among adolescents.
Particularly, the Oromo, a trans-national nation living in Ethiopia and Kenya, have a well-developed age-grade system known as the Gadaa System. [Another example is that of the Maasai] Gadaa through history came to organize social life around the series of five generation grades which assign obligations as well as rights to members of the society.
Over the age of 65: elderly, senior citizens. The age structure of a country has a strong impact on society and the economy. If the proportion of 0–14-year-olds is very high, there may be a so-called youth bulge. If, on the other hand, the proportion of over 65 is very high, the social systems of a country can be heavily burdened.
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Age restrictions are laws, rules or recommendations which detail the given age a person must be in order to access something. Age limits often apply to minors , people under the age of majority , or older adults .
Americans for a Society Free from Age Restrictions was formed in 1996 to "advance the civil and human rights of young people through eliminating ageist laws targeted against young people", and "to help youth counter ageism in America". [295]