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v. t. e. In continuum mechanics, stress is a physical quantity that describes forces present during deformation. For example, an object being pulled apart, such as a stretched elastic band, is subject to tensile stress and may undergo elongation. An object being pushed together, such as a crumpled sponge, is subject to compressive stress and ...
Stress–strain analysis (or stress analysis) is an engineering discipline that uses many methods to determine the stresses and strains in materials and structures subjected to forces. In continuum mechanics, stress is a physical quantity that expresses the internal forces that neighboring particles of a continuous material exert on each other ...
The tensile strength can be quoted as either true stress or engineering stress, but engineering stress is the most commonly used. Fatigue strength is a more complex measure of the strength of a material that considers several loading episodes in the service period of an object, [ 6 ] and is usually more difficult to assess than the static ...
The (infinitesimal) strain tensor (symbol ) is defined in the International System of Quantities (ISQ), more specifically in ISO 80000-4 (Mechanics), as a "tensor quantity representing the deformation of matter caused by stress. Strain tensor is symmetric and has three linear strain and three shear strain (Cartesian) components." [6]
Deformation (engineering) Compressive stress results in deformation which shortens the object but also expands it outwards. In engineering, deformation (the change in size or shape of an object) may be elastic or plastic. If the deformation is negligible, the object is said to be rigid.
In engineering and materials science, a stress–strain curve for a material gives the relationship between stress and strain. It is obtained by gradually applying load to a test coupon and measuring the deformation, from which the stress and strain can be determined (see tensile testing). These curves reveal many of the properties of a ...
Mathematical definition. Mathematically, the stress at some point in the material is a plane stress if one of the three principal stresses (the eigenvalues of the Cauchy stress tensor) is zero. That is, there is Cartesian coordinate system in which the stress tensor has the form. For example, consider a rectangular block of material measuring ...
Thermal stress. In mechanics and thermodynamics, thermal stress is mechanical stress created by any change in temperature of a material. These stresses can lead to fracturing or plastic deformation depending on the other variables of heating, which include material types and constraints. [1] Temperature gradients, thermal expansion or ...