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Jute was first cultivated in India, where it was used to make ropes and cordage. [41] Some animals—thought by the Indians as being vital to their survival—came to be worshiped. [7] Trees were also domesticated, worshiped, and venerated—Pipal and Banyan in particular. [7]
The potato was the first domesticated root vegetable in the region of modern-day southern Peru and extreme northwestern Bolivia [1] between 8000 and 5000 BC. [2] Cultivation of potatoes in South America may go back 10,000 years, [ 3 ] but tubers do not preserve well in the archaeological record, making identification difficult.
India Okra: Bhindi Veṇṭaikkāy Bendakaaya Bende kaayi Highlands of Ethiopia and india [15] 100-500 CE [15] Onion: Pyaaz Veṅkāyam Ulligadda,ullipaya,erragadda Eerulli India [citation needed] Unknown, but present by 500 BCE [16] Mentioned in the Charaka Samhita: Potato: Aloo Uruḷaikkiḻaṅku Bangala Dumpa/Aloo Gadda Aloo gadde
Montage of New World domesticated plants. Clockwise from top left: 1. Maize (Zea mays) 2. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) 3. Potato (Solanum tuberosum) 4. Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia) 5. Pará rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) 6. Cacao (Theobroma cacao) 7. Tobacco (Nicotiana rustica)
Sheep were domesticated in Mesopotamia between 11,000 BC and 9000 BC. [38] Cattle were domesticated from the wild aurochs in the areas of modern Turkey and India around 8500 BC. [39] Camels were domesticated relatively late, perhaps around 3000 BC. [40] Centres of origin identified by Nikolai Vavilov in the 1930s.
Vavilov's 1924 scheme suggested that plants were domesticated in China, Hindustan, Central Asia, Asia Minor, Mediterranean, Abyssinia, Central and South America A Vavilov center or center of origin is a geographical area where a group of organisms, either domesticated or wild, first developed its distinctive properties. [ 1 ]
Places, where crops were initially domesticated, are called centers of origin. This is a list of plants that have been domesticated by humans. The list includes individual plant species identified by their common names as well as larger formal and informal botanical categories which include at least some domesticated individuals.
Wild potato species occur from the southern United States to southern Chile. [14] The potato was first domesticated in southern Peru and northwestern Bolivia [15] by pre-Columbian farmers, around Lake Titicaca. [16] Potatoes were domesticated there about 7,000–10,000 years ago from a species in the S. brevicaule complex. [15] [16] [17]