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The Boston criteria version 2.0 [1] is a set of guidelines designed to diagnose cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), a disease that affects small blood vessels in the brain, particularly those in the cortex and leptomeninges. Although the gold standard for diagnosis is histopathological examination, the Boston criteria provide clinicians with a ...
Lesion network mapping is a neuroimaging technique that analyzes the connectivity pattern of brain lesions to identify neuroanatomic correlates of symptoms. [1] [2] [3] The technique was developed by Michael D. Fox and Aaron Boes to understand the network anatomy of lesion induced neurologic and psychiatric symptoms that can not be explained by focal anatomic localization.
BBB is a tight vascular barrier between the blood and brain that should prevent the passage of antibodies through it, but in MS patients it does not work. For unknown reasons special areas appear in the brain and spine, followed by leaks in the blood–brain barrier where immune cells infiltrate. This leads to the entrance of macrophages into ...
Brain ischemia has been linked to a variety of diseases or abnormalities. Individuals with sickle cell anemia, compressed blood vessels, ventricular tachycardia, plaque buildup in the arteries, blood clots, extremely low blood pressure as a result of heart attack, and congenital heart defects have a higher predisposition to brain ischemia in comparison to the average population.
Blood tests such as a complete blood count (CBC) can provide insight into the progress of a tumor by measuring the number of blood cell types such as white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets. Blood chemistry is also used to check the health of the liver, kidneys and other organs.
Neuroradiology is a medical specialty that uses non-statistical brain imaging in a clinical setting, practiced by radiologists who are medical practitioners. Neuroradiology primarily focuses on recognizing brain lesions, such as vascular diseases, strokes, tumors, and inflammatory diseases.
ARIA-H refers to cerebral microhaemorrhages (mH), small haemorrhages on the brain, [5] often accompanied by hemosiderosis. [1] mH are usually seen as small, round and low intensity lesions and are small haemosiderin deposits. Some studies define mH as being less than or equal to 10mm, while others define the cut-off as ≤ 5mm. [1]
Brain lesions associated with a clinically isolated syndrome may be indicative of several neurological diseases, like multiple sclerosis (MS) or neuromyelitis optica. In order for such a diagnosis , multiple sites in the central nervous system must present lesions, typically over multiple episodes, and for which no other diagnosis is likely.