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A derogatory term used by Muslims for a person who is a non believer. [132] [133] Not to be confused with the South-African slur Kaffir. Murtad A word meaning people who left Islam, mainly critics of Islam. [134] Mushrik A person who doesn't believe in Tawhid (Islamic monotheism) and practices polytheism, worships idols, saints, ancestors or ...
Like other non-Muslims, atheists suffer persecution in the Middle East. [ 11 ] 88 percent of Muslims in Egypt reportedly approve of the death penalty for those who leave Islam . [ 11 ] In one report by the International Humanists, in Article 121 of Iranian law, homosexuality is punishable up to death for a non-Muslim subject, while the Muslim ...
The act of declaring another self-professed Muslim a kafir is known as takfir, [21] a practice that has been condemned but also employed in theological and political polemics over the centuries. [22] A dhimmi or mu'ahid is a historical term [23] for non-Muslims living in an Islamic state with legal protection.
In several countries, self-reported Muslims practice the religion at low levels. According to a 2012 survey by Pew Research Center, who interviewed Muslims across the world, about 1% of those interviewed in Azerbaijan, 5% in Albania, 9% in Uzbekistan, 10% in Kazakhstan, 19% in Russia, and 22% in Kosovo said that they attend mosque once a week or more.
Former Muslims or ex-Muslims are people who were Muslims, but subsequently left Islam. Although their numbers have increased, ex-Muslims still face ostracism or retaliation from their families and communities due to beliefs about apostasy in Islam. [1] In 23 countries apostasy is a punishable crime and in 13 of those it carries the death ...
Martin Luther, the father of the Protestant Reformation, wrote on Islam.; French polymath and philosopher Voltaire wrote Mahomet, ou Le Fanatisme (1741), a religious satire on the life of Muhammad, [26] described as a self-deceived, [27] perverted [27] religious fanatic and manipulator, [26] [27] and his hunger for political power behind the foundation of Islam.
Islamic religious leaders have traditionally been people who, as part of the clerisy, mosque, or government, performed a prominent role within their community or nation.. However, in the modern contexts of Muslim minorities in non-Muslim countries as well as secularised Muslim states like Turkey, and Bangladesh, the religious leadership may take a variety of non-formal sha
The (OIC), the world's second largest intergovernmental organization, comprising fifty-seven Islamic states, has actively lobbied for a global ban on what it perceives as anti-Islamic blasphemy, [1] [5] especially after the publication of Innocence of Muslims — a "low-quality film" depicting Muhammad as a madman, philanderer, and pedophile, [1] — triggered protests and demonstrations in ...