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Exercise physiology is the physiology of physical exercise. It is one of the allied health professions , and involves the study of the acute responses and chronic adaptations to exercise. Exercise physiologists are the highest qualified exercise professionals and utilise education, lifestyle intervention and specific forms of exercise to ...
[7] [8] [9] Long-term adaptations to resistance training, the most common form of anaerobic exercise, include muscular hypertrophy, [10] [11] an increase in the physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA) of muscle(s), and an increase in neural drive, [12] [13] both of which lead to increased muscular strength. [14]
Neuroplasticity is the process by which neurons adapt to a disturbance over time, and most often occurs in response to repeated exposure to stimuli. [27] Aerobic exercise increases the production of neurotrophic factors [note 1] (e.g., BDNF, IGF-1, VEGF) which mediate improvements in cognitive functions and various forms of memory by promoting blood vessel formation in the brain, adult ...
Respiratory adaptation is the specific change that the respiratory system undergoes in response to the demands of physical exertion. Intense physical exertion, such as that involved in fitness training , places elevated demands on the respiratory system.
Strength training (resistance training) causes neural and muscular adaptations which increase the capacity of an athlete to exert force through voluntary muscular contraction: After an initial period of neuro-muscular adaptation, the muscle tissue expands by creating sarcomeres (contractile elements) and increasing non-contractile elements like sarcoplasmic fluid.
Supercompensation describes the adaptation of muscles on a previous stimulus over time. [3] Long-term endurance training induces many physiological adaptations both centrally and peripherally mediated. [4] Central cardiovascular adaptations include decreased heart rate, increased stroke volume of the heart, increased cardiac output. [4]
Cardiorespiratory fitness can be increased by means of regular physical activity and exercise. The medical community agrees that regular physical activity plays an important role in reducing risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, hypertension, diabetes, and a variety of other morbid conditions.
It demonstrates that, given stressors on the human system, there will be a Specific Adaptation to Imposed Demands (SAID). [2] For example, by only doing pull-ups on the same regular pull-up bar, the body becomes adapted to this specific physical demand, but not necessarily to other climbing patterns or environments.