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[2] [3] The earliest attestation of a five-stringed guitar comes from the mid-sixteenth-century Spanish book Declaracion de Instrumentos Musicales by Juan Bermudo, published in 1555. [4] The first treatise published for the Baroque guitar was Guitarra Española de cinco ordenes (The Five-course Spanish Guitar), c. 1590, by Juan Carlos Amat. [5] [6]
An ornate guitar made by a Joakim Thielke (1641–1719) of Germany was altered in this way and became a success. From the mid-18th century through the early 19th century, the guitar evolved into a six-string instrument, phasing out courses by preference to single strings. These six-string guitars were still smaller than the modern classical guitar.
A popular instrument with court musicians, minstrels, and amateurs, the gittern is considered an ancestor of the modern guitar and other instruments like the mandore, bandurria and gallichon. [3] [4] From the early 16th century, a vihuela-shaped (flat-backed) guitarra began to appear in Spain, and later in France, existing alongside the gittern ...
Santiago de Murcia (c.1682 – c.1740, moved to Mexico, composed for Baroque guitar) Luys de Narváez (fl. 1526–49) Diego Pisador (1509/10 – after 1557) Lucas Ruiz de Ribayaz (born probably before 1650, composed for Baroque guitar) Gaspar Sanz (mid-17th century–early 18th century, composed for Baroque guitar) Enríquez de Valderrábano ...
fl. late 15th – early 16th century: English Presumably identical with the Sturton who composed the six-part Ave Maria ancilla Trinitatis in the Lambeth Choirbook, he contributed a Gaude virgo mater Christi to the Eton Choirbook, the six voices of which cover a fifteen-note range Robert de Févin: fl. late 15th–early 16th century: French
The romantic guitar eventually led to a different type of guitar in Spain: the fan-braced Spanish guitars of Torres, which may be seen as the immediate precursor of the modern classical guitar. In the 20th century, many non-guitarist composers wrote for the instrument, whereas previously only players of the instrument had done so. [1]
Keith Calmes (born March 1, 1966) is an American guitarist, educator, composer, and author. He has transcribed several works for Mel Bay Publications, including Guitar Music of the Sixteenth Century [1] and The Eight Masterpieces of Alonso Mudarra. [2]
The cittern or cithren (Fr. cistre, It. cetra, Ger. Cister, Sp. cistro, cedra, cítola) [1] is a stringed instrument dating from the Renaissance.Modern scholars debate its exact history, but it is generally accepted that it is descended from the medieval citole (or cytole).