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Iron is both necessary to the body and potentially toxic. Controlling iron levels in the body is a critically important part of many aspects of human health and disease. Hematologists have been especially interested in systemic iron metabolism, because iron is essential for red blood cells, where most of the human body's iron is contained.
There are 28 known radioisotopes and 8 nuclear isomers, the most stable of which are 60 Fe (half-life 2.6 million years) and 55 Fe (half-life 2.7 years). Much of the past work on measuring the isotopic composition of iron has centered on determining 60 Fe variations due to processes accompanying nucleosynthesis (i.e., meteorite studies) and ore ...
Hephaestin, a ferroxidase that can oxidize Fe 2+ to Fe 3+ and is found mainly in the small intestine, helps ferroportin transfer iron across the basolateral end of the intestine cells. In contrast, ferroportin is post-translationally repressed by hepcidin, a 25-amino acid peptide hormone. The body regulates iron levels by regulating each of ...
Iron is by far the most reactive element in its group; it is pyrophoric when finely divided and dissolves easily in dilute acids, giving Fe 2+. However, it does not react with concentrated nitric acid and other oxidizing acids due to the formation of an impervious oxide layer, which can nevertheless react with hydrochloric acid. [11]
The abiotic processes include the rusting of iron-bearing metals, where Fe 2+ is abiotically oxidized to Fe 3+ in the presence of oxygen, and the reduction of Fe 3+ to Fe 2+ by iron-sulfide minerals. The biological cycling of Fe 2+ is done by iron oxidizing and reducing microbes. [14] [15] Iron is an essential micronutrient for almost every ...
Iron-55 (55 Fe) is a radioactive isotope of iron with a nucleus containing 26 protons and 29 neutrons. It decays by electron capture to manganese-55 and this process has a half-life of 2.737 years. The emitted X-rays can be used as an X-ray source for various scientific analysis methods, such as X-ray diffraction .
Prussian blue or "ferric ferrocyanide", Fe 4 [Fe(CN) 6] 3, is an old and well-known iron-cyanide complex, extensively used as pigment and in several other applications. Its formation can be used as a simple wet chemistry test to distinguish between aqueous solutions of Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ as they react (respectively) with potassium ferricyanide and ...
The structure of cytochrome b5 reductase, the enzyme that converts methemoglobin to hemoglobin. [1]Methemoglobin (British: methaemoglobin, shortened MetHb) (pronounced "met-hemoglobin") is a hemoglobin in the form of metalloprotein, in which the iron in the heme group is in the Fe 3+ state, not the Fe 2+ of normal hemoglobin.