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The Romaniote rites represent those of the Greek-speaking Jews of the Byzantine (or former Byzantine) Empire, ranging from southern Italy (in a narrower sense the Apulian, the Calabrian and the Sicilian Jewish communities) in the west, to much of Turkey in the east, Crete to the south, Crimea (the Krymchaks) to the north and the Jews of the ...
The Etz Hayyim Synagogue (Hebrew: בית הכנסת עץ חיים) is an Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located in Chania on the island of Crete, in Greece. [2] Constructed as a church, the building was converted into a synagogue in the 17th century. It is the only surviving remnant of the island's Romaniote Jewish community.
The New Testament describes Greek Jews as a separate community from the Jews of Judaea, and the Jews of Greece did not participate in the First Jewish-Roman War or later conflicts. The Jews of Thessaloniki, speaking a dialect of Greek, and living a Hellenized existence, were joined by a new Jewish colony in the 1st century AD.
Smallwood, E. Mary. 1976. The Jews under Roman Rule. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. Stern, Menahem, ed. 1974. Greek and Latin Authors on Jews and Judaism. 3 vols. Jerusalem: Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities. Varhelyi, Zsuzsanna. 2000. "Jews in Civic Life under the Roman Empire." Acta antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 40.1/4:471 ...
Meanwhile, the Kitos War, a rebellion by Jewish diaspora communities in Roman territories in the Eastern Mediterranean and Mesopotamia, led to the destruction of Jewish communities in Crete, Cyprus, and North Africa in 117 CE, and consequently the dispersal of Jews already living outside of Judea to further reaches of the Empire. [57]
The history of the Jews in Alexandria dates back to the founding of the city by Alexander the Great in 332 BCE. [1] Jews in Alexandria played a crucial role in the political, economic, cultural and religious life of Hellenistic and Roman Alexandria, with Jews comprising about 35% of the city's population during the Roman era. [2] [3]
The examples cited by Hachlili in 1977 are the synagogues at Hammat Tiberias (4th century), Husaifa (5th century), Na'aran and Beth Alpha (6th century). [1] [2] The large synagogue of Sepphoris (5th-6th century), more recently discovered, has a different panel scheme; the one at Susiya probay had a zodiac mosaic in the 6th century, which was later replaced by a non-figurative pattern; at En ...
Sardis Synagogue (3rd century, Turkey) had a large community of God-fearers and Jews integrated into the Roman civic life.. God-fearers (Koinē Greek: φοβούμενοι τὸν Θεόν, phoboumenoi ton Theon) [1] or God-worshippers (Koinē Greek: θεοσεβεῖς, Theosebeis) [1] were a numerous class of Gentile sympathizers to Hellenistic Judaism that existed in the Greco-Roman world ...