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Ruthenium is a rare and unreactive transition metal of the platinum group, discovered in 1844 by Karl Ernst Claus. It is mainly used in electrical contacts and resistors, and has various applications in catalysis, medicine, and alloys.
A data page showing the electron configurations of the neutral gaseous atoms in their ground states, with subshells and numbers of electrons. The configurations are given by the Aufbau principle and the Madelung rule, with exceptions and predictions for undiscovered elements.
A table that shows the electron configurations of the chemical elements in the ground state, based on their atomic numbers and subshells. The table also includes predictions for elements 109–118, and indicates the noble gas symbols and subshells for each element.
Learn how to describe the distribution of electrons in atoms or molecules using shells, subshells, and orbitals. See examples, notation, and applications of electron configuration to the periodic table and chemical bonds.
Group 8 is a column of four transition metals in the periodic table: iron, ruthenium, osmium and hassium. Learn about their properties, history, uses and isotopes from this Wikipedia article.
Hund's rules are a set of rules to determine the ground state of a multi-electron atom based on electron configuration, spin, and orbital angular momentum. Learn the three rules, their physical explanations, and examples for silicon and titanium.
Learn about the structure, synthesis, and reactions of this metal carbonyl cluster with the formula Ru3(CO)12. Find out how it is used as a precursor to other organoruthenium compounds and how it forms carbido clusters at high temperatures.
Ru(acac) 3 + C 5 H 5 MgBr → Ru(C 5 H 5) 2 + 3 "acacMgBr" + "C 5 H 5 " Ruthenocene may also be prepared by the reaction of sodium cyclopentadienide with "ruthenium dichloride" prepared in situ by reduction of ruthenium trichloride .