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An XNOR gate is a basic comparator, because its output is "1" only if its two input bits are equal. The analog equivalent of digital comparator is the voltage comparator . Many microcontrollers have analog comparators on some of their inputs that can be read or trigger an interrupt .
A full adder can be viewed as a 3:2 lossy compressor: it sums three one-bit inputs and returns the result as a single two-bit number; that is, it maps 8 input values to 4 output values. (the term "compressor" instead of "counter" was introduced in [ 13 ] )Thus, for example, a binary input of 101 results in an output of 1 + 0 + 1 = 10 (decimal ...
Using three ancilla bits and four Toffoli gates to construct a NOT gate with 5 controls. The ancilla bits end up trashed because the effects on them were not uncomputed . Ancilla bits are extra bits (units of information) used in computing paradigms that require reversible operations, such as classical reversible computing and quantum computing .
[2] Each single comparator detects the common input voltage against one of two reference voltages, normally upper and lower limits. [ 3 ] Outputs behind a logic gate like AND detect the input as in range of the so-called "window" between upper and lower reference.
The XNOR gate (sometimes ENOR, EXNOR, NXOR, XAND and pronounced as Exclusive NOR) is a digital logic gate whose function is the logical complement of the Exclusive OR gate. [1] It is equivalent to the logical connective ( ↔ {\displaystyle \leftrightarrow } ) from mathematical logic , also known as the material biconditional.
In most cases a comparator is implemented using a dedicated comparator IC, but op-amps may be used as an alternative. Comparator diagrams and op-amp diagrams use the same symbols. A simple comparator circuit made using an op-amp without feedback simply heavily amplifies the voltage difference between Vin and VREF and outputs the result as Vout.
Typically designs from 4-bit up to 6-bit and sometimes 7-bit are produced. Designs with power-saving capacitive reference ladders have been demonstrated. In addition to clocking the comparator(s), these systems also sample the reference value on the input stage. As the sampling is done at a very high rate, the leakage of the capacitors is ...
Fredkin (controlled-swap) gate. The Fredkin gate (also controlled-SWAP gate and conservative logic gate) is a computational circuit suitable for reversible computing, invented by Edward Fredkin. It is universal, which means that any logical or arithmetic operation can be constructed entirely of Fredkin gates. The Fredkin gate is a circuit or ...