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By using pulsating water to enter into the colon to soften and break down the dense mass, PIE treats fecal impaction. [4] Research shows that pulsed irrigation evacuation with the PIE MED device is successful in all tested patients in studies, making pulsed irrigation evacuation the most effective and reliable form of fecal impaction treatment.
Transanal irrigation of the rectum and colon is designed to assist the evacuation of faeces from the bowel by introducing water into rectum via the anus. [3] By regularly emptying the bowel using transanal irrigation, controlled bowel function is often re-established to a high degree in patients with bowel incontinence and/or constipation.
Transanal irrigation uses a large volume water enema system. [2] It is carried out every day (or every 2 days) by the patient or carer as a long term management for bowel dysfunction, including fecal incontinence and/or constipation (especially obstructed defecation).
Anal encirclement effectively supplements the anal sphincter, narrowing the anal canal and its barrier function to stool, without altering voluntary control. Since complications are common, and can be serious (fecal impaction, infection, erosion of encirclement through anal canal), modern surgeons prefer to perform colostomy. [5]
A Malone antegrade continence enema (MACE), also known as an appendicostomy or Malone procedure, is a surgical procedure used to create a continent pathway proximal to the anus that facilitates fecal evacuation using enemas.
TAI, also termed retrograde irrigation, is designed to assist evacuation using a water enema [49] as a treatment for persons with bowel dysfunction, including fecal incontinence or constipation, especially obstructed defecation.
Prior to surgery, the bowels are typically cleared with a routine called bowel prep. [20] Bowel prep can be performed at home the 1–2 days before surgery or in some instances, occurs in a hospital before the operation. [20] Bowel prep may require magnesium citrate drink to empty the colon. [21] Bowel prep is done to reduce infection risk. [22]
Fecal leakage, fecal soiling and fecal seepage are minor degrees of FI, and describe incontinence of liquid stool, mucus, or very small amounts of solid stool. They cover a spectrum of increasing symptom severity (staining, soiling, seepage, and accidents). [1] Rarely, minor FI in adults may be described as encopresis.