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[2] [7] The heat of formation is c. 24 kilocalories (100 kJ) per mol. [7] It is a semiconductor with a reported bandgap of c. 3.2eV, [9] however, a thin zinc nitride film prepared by electrolysis of molten salt mixture containing Li 3 N with a zinc electrode showed a band-gap of 1.01 eV. [10] Zinc nitride reacts violently with water to form ...
A 2011 report in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH) lists 65 carcinogens or possible carcinogens: "Our list of hazardous smoke components includes all nine components reported in mainstream cigarette smoke that are known human carcinogens (IARC Group I carcinogens), as well as all nine components that ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 6 February 2025. Circumstances, mechanisms, and factors of tobacco consumption on human health "Health effects of smoking" and "Dangers of smoking" redirect here. For cannabis, see Effects of cannabis. For smoking crack cocaine, see Crack cocaine § Health issues. "Smoking and health" redirects here. For ...
Graphic from an October 2014 United States Fire Administration (USFA) report entitled Electronic Cigarette Fires and Explosions. [94] The USFA said that 25 fires and explosions in the US were the result of vaping between 2009 and August 2014. [94] E-cigarettes typically use lithium batteries, which may cause injury if defective [95] or misused ...
The LD 50 of nicotine is 50 mg/kg for rats and 3 mg/kg for mice. 0.5–1.0 mg/kg can be a lethal dosage for adult humans, and 0.1 mg/kg for children. [19] [20] However the widely used human LD 50 estimate of 0.5–1.0 mg/kg was questioned in a 2013 review, in light of several documented cases of humans surviving much higher doses; the 2013 review suggests that the lower limit causing fatal ...
The tobacco-specific nitrosamines are present in cigarette smoke and to a lesser degree in "smokeless" tobacco products such as dipping tobacco and chewing tobacco; additional information has shown that trace amounts of NNN and NNK have been detected in e-cigarettes. [3] They are present in trace amounts in snus. They are important carcinogens ...
Disposable electronic cigarettes, also known as disposable vapes, combine various materials like plastics, metals, and electronic components, which present numerous environmental concerns. These single-use devices, while convenient, add to the growing problem of electronic waste due to their complex composition and the difficulties inherent in ...
Sidestream smoke in enclosed box. Sidestream smoke is smoke which goes into the air directly from a burning cigarette, cigar, or smoking pipe. [1] Sidestream smoke is the main component (around 85%) of second-hand smoke (SHS), also known as Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) or passive smoking. [2]