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While the safety of use during pregnancy is not entirely clear some physicians recommend that it be continued in those with leprosy. [4] It is of the sulfone class. [4] Dapsone was first studied as an antibiotic in 1937. [5] Its use for leprosy began in 1945. [5] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [8]
The pregnancy category of a medication is an assessment of the risk of fetal injury due to the pharmaceutical, if it is used as directed by the mother during pregnancy. It does not include any risks conferred by pharmaceutical agents or their metabolites in breast milk .
Topical nicotinamide and topical zinc are safe, however, there are no FDA pregnancy category ratings. [27] [28] Topical salicylic acid and topical dapsone are classified as FDA pregnancy category C. [23] [28] Acne medications to avoid during pregnancy include oral isotretinoin and topical tazarotene as there have been reports of birth defects.
The following is a list of antibiotics. The highest division between antibiotics is bactericidal and bacteriostatic . Bactericidals kill bacteria directly, whereas bacteriostatics prevent them from dividing.
Quinupristin and dalfopristin are protein synthesis inhibitors in a synergistic manner. While each of the two is only a bacteriostatic agent, the combination shows bactericidal activity.
Diphenoxylate/atropine, also known as co-phenotrope and sold under the brand name Lomotil among others, is used to treat diarrhea. [2] [3] It is a fixed-dose combination of the medications diphenoxylate, as the hydrochloride, an antidiarrheal; and atropine, as the sulfate, an anticholinergic. [1]
During pregnancy it is recommended that it be taken after the first trimester. [1] It is a luminal amebicide meaning that it only works on infections within the intestines. [2] Diloxanide came into medical use in 1956. [3] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [4]
Trimethoprim (TMP) is an antibiotic used mainly in the treatment of bladder infections. [1] Other uses include for middle ear infections and travelers' diarrhea. [1] With sulfamethoxazole or dapsone it may be used for Pneumocystis pneumonia in people with HIV/AIDS.