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Many Fulani slaves came from places such as Guinea, Senegal, Guinea-Bissau, Sierra Leone, Nigeria and Cameroon. Most of the slaves who came from Senegal belonged to Fula and Mandinga peoples. [ 81 ] [ 82 ] Some of the most common names found on the Registry of Liberated Africans were Fulani in origin.
Futa Toro and West African kingdoms, c. 18th century. Futa Toro (Wolof and Fula: Fuuta Tooro, فُوتَ تࣷورࣷ , 𞤆𞤵𞥄𞤼𞤢 𞤚𞤮𞥄𞤪𞤮; Arabic: فوتا تورو), often simply the Futa, is a semidesert region around the middle run of the Senegal River.
Fula (/ ˈ f uː l ə / FOO-lə), [2] also known as Fulani (/ f ʊ ˈ l ɑː n iː / fuul-AH-nee) [2] or Fulah [3] [4] (Fulfulde, Pulaar, Pular; Adlam: 𞤊𞤵𞤤𞤬𞤵𞤤𞤣𞤫, 𞤆𞤵𞤤𞤢𞥄𞤪, 𞤆𞤵𞤤𞤢𞤪; Ajami: ࢻُلْࢻُلْدٜ , ݒُلَارْ , بُۛلَر ), is a Senegambian language spoken by around 36.8 million people as a set of various ...
Map of the ethnic groups of Senegal drawn by David Boilat (1853). There are various ethnic groups in Senegal. According to "CIA World Factbook: Senegal" (2019 estimates), the ethnic groups are Wolof (39%); Fula (probably including the Halpulaar speaking Toucouleur) (27.5%)); Serer group (probably including the Serer Cangin peoples (16%)); Mandinka (4.9%); Jola (4.2%); Soninke (2.4%); other 5.4 ...
Pulaar speakers, known as Haalpulaar'en live in Senegal, Mauritania, the Gambia, and western Mali. The two main speakers of Pulaar are the Toucouleur people and the Fulɓe (also known as Fulani or Peul). [3] Pulaar is the second most spoken local language in Senegal, being a first language for around 22% of the population.
In Senegal, the Wolof are the largest ethnic group (~ 39%), and their combined population exceeds 6 million. [ 159 ] [ 160 ] The Wolof people, like other West African ethnic groups, have historically maintained a rigid, endogamous social stratification that included nobility, clerics, castes and slaves.
Fulani jihad states of West Africa, c. 1830. The Fula (or Fulani) jihads (Arabic: جهاد الفولا) sometimes called the Fulani revolution were a series of jihads that occurred across West Africa during the 18th and 19th centuries, led largely by the Muslim Fulani people. The jihads and the jihad states came to an end with European ...
The Torodbe; singular Torodo [a] (also called Turudiyya, Banu Toro, Takrur, Toronkawa) were Muslim Toucouleur clerics and theocratic monarchs who preached and reigned in Futa Toro, a region located in the north of present-day Senegal, and other Fula communities in West Africa from at least the seventeenth to the early twentieth century.