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Fatty amines are commonly prepared from fatty acids; which are themselves obtained from natural sources, typically seed-oils.The overall reaction is sometimes referred to as the Nitrile Process [3] and begins with a reaction between the fatty acid and ammonia at high temperature (>250 °C) and in the presence of a metal oxide catalyst (e.g., alumina or zinc oxide) to give the fatty nitrile.
Food chain in a Swedish lake. Osprey feed on northern pike, which in turn feed on perch which eat bleak which eat crustaceans.. A food chain is a linear network of links in a food web, often starting with an autotroph (such as grass or algae), also called a producer, and typically ending at an apex predator (such as grizzly bears or killer whales), detritivore (such as earthworms and woodlice ...
These microplastics are frequently consumed by marine organisms at the base of the food chain, like plankton and fish larvae, which leads to a concentration of ingested plastic up the food chain. Plastics are produced with toxic chemicals which then enter the marine food chain, including the fish that some humans eat. [37]
Amine. In chemistry, amines (/ ə ˈ m iː n, ˈ æ m iː n /, [1] [2] UK also / ˈ eɪ m iː n / [3]) are compounds and functional groups that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair.Formally, amines are derivatives of ammonia (NH 3 (in which the bond angle between the nitrogen and hydrogen is 107°), wherein one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a substituent such as an ...
The toxin cascades through the food-chain: Among other animals, it affects fish and waterfowl such as coots or ducks which feed on hydrilla colonized with the cyanobacterium. Aetokthonotoxin is transmitted to raptors, such as the bald eagle , that prey on these affected animals.
One example is the tobacco hornworm, which concentrates nicotine to a toxic level in its body as it consumes tobacco plants. Poisoning of small consumers can be passed along the food chain to affect the consumers later in the chain. Other compounds that are not normally considered toxic can be accumulated to toxic levels in organisms.
In its holiday safety guide, the CPSC cautions the public about the dangers associated with deep-frying a turkey, which "is not the safest thing to do," although it produces a "very tasty" result.
Serotonin, an endogenous amine, is a neurotransmitter derived from the amino acid tryptophan. Serotonin is involved in regulating mood, sleep, appetite, and sexuality. [9] The amines are transmitted locally or via the blood system. The exogenous amines are directly absorbed from food in the intestine. Alcohol can increase the absorption rate.