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A finite verb is a verb that contextually complements a subject, [1] which can be either explicit (like in the English indicative) or implicit (like in null subject languages or the English imperative). A finite transitive verb or a finite intransitive verb can function as the root of an independent clause.
In syntax, verb-second (V2) word order [1] is a sentence structure in which the finite verb of a sentence or a clause is placed in the clause's second position, so that the verb is preceded by a single word or group of words (a single constituent). Examples of V2 in English include (brackets indicating a single constituent):
They are formed using the finite verb in its preterite (simple past) form. [ 2 ] Certain uses of the past tense may be referred to as subjunctives ; however the only distinction in verb conjugation between the past indicative and past subjunctive is the possible use of were in the subjunctive in place of was .
In linguistics, a verb phrase (VP) is a syntactic unit composed of a verb and its arguments except the subject of an independent clause or coordinate clause.Thus, in the sentence A fat man quickly put the money into the box, the words quickly put the money into the box constitute a verb phrase; it consists of the verb put and its arguments, but not the subject a fat man.
For example, my very good friend Peter is a phrase that can be used in a sentence as if it were a noun, and is therefore called a noun phrase. Similarly, adjectival phrases and adverbial phrases function as if they were adjectives or adverbs, but with other types of phrases, the terminology has different implications.
A complete simple sentence contains a single clause with a finite verb. Complex sentences contain at least one clause subordinated ( dependent ) to an independent clause (one that could stand alone as a simple sentence), which may be co-ordinated with other independents with or without dependents.
Some examples are given below. Finite clauses. Kids play on computers. (an independent clause) I know that kids play on computers. (a dependent (subordinate) clause, but still finite) Play on your computer! (an imperative sentence, an example of an independent finite clause lacking a subject) Non-finite clauses. Kids like to play on computers.
The three examples show distinctions between finite and non-finite verbs and the roles of these distinctions in sentence structure. For example, non-finite verbs can be auxiliary verbs or main verbs and they appear as infinitives, participles, gerunds etc.