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The redback spider (Latrodectus hasselti), also known as the Australian black widow, [2] [3] [4] is a species of highly venomous spider believed to originate in Australia but now, Southeast Asia and New Zealand, it has also been found in packing crates in the United States with colonies elsewhere outside Australia. [5]
Latrodectus hasselti, the redback spider. The widow spiders (genus Latrodectus), such as the black widow, redback spider, and katipō are spiders that carry a neurotoxic venom [18] which can cause a set of symptoms known as Latrodectism. Widow spiders are large, shiny house spiders with relatively spindly legs and deep, globular abdomens.
A spider bite, also known as arachnidism, is an injury resulting from the bite of a spider. The effects of most bites are not serious. [1] Most bites result in mild symptoms around the area of the bite. [1] Rarely they may produce a necrotic skin wound or severe pain. [2]: 455 Most spiders do not cause bites that are of importance. [1]
Conversely, redback and North American black widows live in proximity with people and several hundred black widow bites are reported to Poison Control in the United States each year. Of the bites reported in the United States from 2001 to 2005, approximately 31% were treated in a health care facility, 0.5% had major complications, and none were ...
Despite their bite, spider venom is rarely fatal to humans, and most can be effectively treated with medical care. “For brown recluse envenomation or bites, only about 10% produce tissue damage.
Brazilian wandering spider: Brazil Soro antiloxoscelico Recluse spider: Brazil Suero antiloxoscelico Chilean recluse: Chile Aracmyn All species of Loxosceles and Latrodectus: Mexico Redback spider antivenom Redback spider: Australia Black widow spider (Latrodectus Mactans) antivenin (equine origin) Southern black widow spider United States
A wasp was then observed dragging a redback spider to its nest in a garden in Beaconsfield Western Australia in 2010. [4] Researchers then found an earlier instance from 1950 from South Australia. [3] It is the first species of spider wasp to be recorded as a parasitoid of the redback spider. [3]
Although the 'kātĕpo' was reported to the Linnean Society as early as 1855, [2] the spider was formally described as Latrodectus katipo by L. Powell in 1870. [3] Spiders of the genus Latrodectus have a worldwide distribution and include all of the commonly known widow spiders: the North American black widow spider (Latrodectus mactans), the brown widow (Latrodectus geometricus), and the ...