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The most dangerous side effect of doxorubicin is dilated cardiomyopathy, leading to congestive heart failure. The rate of cardiomyopathy is dependent on its cumulative dose, with an incidence about 4% when the dose of doxorubicin is 500–550 mg/m 2 , 18% when the dose is 551–600 mg/m 2 and 36% when the dose exceeds 600 mg/m 2 . [ 19 ]
Doxorubicin is a very effective anti-cancer drug that causes congestive heart failure while treating tumors. [7] Doxorubicin is an uncoupling agent in that it inhibits proper functioning of complex I of the electron transport chain in mitochondria. It then leads to the production of ROS and the inhibition of ATP production.
As an example, the incidence of congestive heart failure is 4.7%, 26% and 48% respectively when patients received doxorubicin at 400 mg/m 2, 550 mg/m 2 and 700 mg/m 2. [4] Therefore, the lifetime cumulative doxorubicin exposure is limited to 400–450 mg/m 2 in order to reduce congestive heart failure incidence to less than 5%, although ...
Cardiotoxicity is the occurrence of heart dysfunction as electric or muscle damage, resulting in heart toxicity. [1] This can cause heart failure, arrhythmia, myocarditis, and cardiomyopathy in patients. [2] Some effects are reversible, while in others, permanent damage requiring further treatment may arise.
When symptoms grow worse (more on this later), heart failure can cause swelling in the ankles and legs, as well as swollen feet. This is due to edema, which is a fluid accumulation in the body ...
Common causes of heart failure include coronary artery disease, heart attack, high blood pressure, atrial fibrillation, valvular heart disease, excessive alcohol consumption, infection, and cardiomyopathy. [4] [6] These cause heart failure by altering the structure or the function of the heart or in some cases both. [6]
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