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Mistakes Were Made (but Not by Me) is a 2007 non-fiction book by social psychologists Carol Tavris and Elliot Aronson. It deals with cognitive dissonance , confirmation bias , and other cognitive biases , using these psychological theories to illustrate how the perpetrators (and victims) of hurtful acts justify and rationalize their behavior.
Problem solving in psychology refers to the process of finding solutions to problems encountered in life. [5] Solutions to these problems are usually situation- or context-specific. The process starts with problem finding and problem shaping, in which the problem is discovered and simplified. The next step is to generate possible solutions and ...
The term "category-mistake" was introduced by Gilbert Ryle in his book The Concept of Mind (1949) to remove what he argued to be a confusion over the nature of mind born from Cartesian metaphysics. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] Ryle argues that it is a mistake to treat the mind as an object made of an immaterial substance because predications of substance are ...
An example is a skillful way in which his terrier Tony opened the garden gate, easily misunderstood as an insightful act by someone seeing the final behavior. Lloyd Morgan, however, had watched and recorded the series of approximations by which the dog had gradually learned the response, and could demonstrate that no insight was required to ...
In the book Feeling Good: The New Mood Therapy David D. Burns, a student of Aaron T. Beck, discusses in more detail the cognitive distortions. Burns explains arbitrary inference or "jumping to conclusions" with two of the most common examples of arbitrary inference: "Mind Reading" and "The Fortune Teller Error".
Psychopathology of Everyday Life (German: Zur Psychopathologie des Alltagslebens) is a 1901 work by Sigmund Freud, the founder of psychoanalysis. Based on Freud's researches into slips and parapraxes from 1897 onwards, [ 1 ] it became perhaps the best-known of all Freud's writings.
Differences in perceptions of sexual interest between men and women may be exploited by both genders. Men may present themselves as more emotionally invested in a woman than they actually are in order to gain sexual access; 71% of men report engaging in this form of manipulation and 97% of women report having experienced this form of manipulation. [7]
The phrase "Othello error" was first used in the book Telling Lies by Paul Ekman in 1985. [4] The name was coined from Shakespeare's play Othello , which provides an "excellent and famous example" [ 1 ] of what can happen when fear and distress upon confrontation do not signal deception.