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Horner's syndrome, also known as oculosympathetic paresis, [1] is a combination of symptoms that arises when a group of nerves known as the sympathetic trunk is damaged. The signs and symptoms occur on the same side (ipsilateral) as it is a lesion of the sympathetic trunk.
The main symptom is loss of vision, with colors appearing subtly washed out in the affected eye. A pale disc is characteristic of long-standing optic neuropathy. In many cases, only one eye is affected and a person may not be aware of the loss of color vision until the examiner asks them to cover the healthy eye.
Since Harlequin syndrome is associated with a dysfunction in the autonomic nervous system, main symptoms of this dysfunction are in the following: Absence of sweat and flushing on one side of the face, neck, or upper thoracic area. In addition, other symptoms include cluster headaches, tearing of the eyes, nasal discharge, abnormal contraction ...
Ocular neuropathic pain, also called corneal neuralgia, is a spectrum of disorders of ocular pain which are caused by damage or disease affecting the nerves.Ocular neuropathic pain is frequently associated with damaged or dysfunctional corneal nerves, [1] but the condition can also be caused by peripheral or centralized sensitization. [2]
Axenfeld–Rieger syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant [2] disorder, which affects the development of the teeth, eyes, and abdominal region. [3]Axenfeld–Rieger syndrome is part of the so-called iridocorneal or anterior segment dysgenesis syndromes, [4] which were formerly known as anterior segment cleavage syndromes, anterior chamber segmentation syndromes or mesodermal dysgenesis.
Uveitis is described anatomically, by the part of the eye affected, as anterior, intermediate or posterior, or panuveitic if all parts are involved. Anterior uveitis ( iridocyclitis ) is the most common, with the incidence of uveitis overall affecting approximately 1:4500, most commonly those between the ages of 20–60.
The anterior optic nerve receives blood primarily from the posterior ciliary arteries. The anterior optic nerve, a.k.a. the optic nerve head, is surrounded by the scleral canal, and is vulnerable to crowding of nerve fibers. The portion of the optic nerve head that is visible by looking into the eye with an ophthalmoscope is called the optic disc.
To minimize the risk of further visual loss in the fellow eye or the same eye, it is essential to reduce the risk factors. Common sense dictates trying to control the cardiovascular risk factors for many reasons, including protection from this happening to the second eye. Sudden vision loss should lead to an ophthalmological consultation.