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Mancala (Arabic: منقلة manqalah) is a family of two-player turn-based strategy board games played with small stones, beans, or seeds and rows of holes or pits in the earth, a board or other playing surface. The objective is usually to capture all or some set of the opponent's pieces.
A Maasai mancala board for Enkeshui or Endodoi Enkeshui (or Engesho ) is a traditional mancala game played by the Maasai of both Kenya and Tanzania . It is a rather complex mancala game, and bears some similarities to the Layli Goobalay mancala played in Somaliland .
The game ends when all the pieces are captured. If both Mandarin pieces are captured, the remaining citizen pieces belong to the player controlling the side that these pieces are on. There is a Vietnamese saying to express this situation: "hết quan, tàn dân, thu quân, bán ruộng" (literally: "Mandarin is gone, citizen dismisses, take back the army, selling the rice field") or "hết ...
Mangala is played on a 2x6 (or 2x7) mancala board (i.e., 2 rows of 6 or 7 pits). At game setup, 4 pieces are placed in each pit. At their turn, the player takes all the pieces from one of their pits and drops them one at a time into the following pits counterclockwise.
Aw-li On-nam Ot-tjin (or simply Otjin) is a traditional mancala game played by the Penihing people of Borneo. The first transcription of the rules of the game was completed by norwegian ethnographist Carl Sofus Lumholtz. Despite its origin, Otjin is similar to african mancalas such as Ba-awa and quite different than most Asian mancalas.
55Stones is a modern mancala game with simultaneous moves. Kauri is a modern mancala game with two kinds of seeds. Mangala (Serdar Asaf Ceyhan; Turkey) Space Walk is a modern boardgame with mancala mechanic. Trajan is a modern boardgame variant with mancala mechanic. Five Tribes is a modern boardgame variant with mancala mechanic.
Grand Oh-Wah-Ree is a rules variant of Oh-Wah-Ree in which the players capture pits as well as the stones in them. The capturing player places a marker of their own colour into the second ring of holes, replacing an opponent's marker, and the pit is theirs until it is recaptured.
Note that the player can either capture seeds from her own or from the opponent's row, depending on whether her sowing ends in the opponent's or her own row. When one of the players cannot move, the game is over. All remaining seeds are captured by the opponent, and the winner is the player who captured most seeds.