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Third-party and independent members of the United States Congress are generally rare. Although the Republican and Democratic parties have dominated U.S. politics in a two-party system since 1856, some independents and members of other political parties have also been elected to the House of Representatives or Senate, or changed their party affiliation during their term.
Third party, or minor party, is a term used in the United States' two-party system for political parties other than the Republican and Democratic parties. The winner take all system for presidential elections and the single-seat plurality voting system for Congressional elections have over time helped establish the two-party system.
This is a list of notable performances of third-party and independent candidates in elections to the United States House of Representatives.. It is rare for candidates, other than those of the six parties which have succeeded as major parties (Federalist Party, Democratic-Republican Party, National Republican Party, Democratic Party, Whig Party, Republican Party), to take large shares of the ...
Merged into: Free Soil Party and Republican Party: 1840 1848 Know Nothing Party: 1845–1860 Nativism [74] Merged into: Constitutional Union Party (South) and Republican Party (North) 1844 1860 Free Soil Party: 1849–1857 Abolitionism [75] Merged into: Republican Party: 1848 1855 Union Party: 1851–1853 Conditional unionism [76] 1850 1853 ...
List of third-party and independent performances in Alaska state legislative elections; List of third-party and independent performances in Arkansas state legislative elections; List of third-party and independent performances in Hawaii state legislative elections; List of third-party and independent performances in Louisiana state legislative ...
All members of Congress are automatically enrolled in the Federal Employees Retirement System, a pension system also used for federal civil servants, except the formula for calculating Congress members' pension results in a 70% higher pension than other federal employees based on the first 20 years of service. [45]
This is a list of notable performances of third party and independent candidates in elections to the United States Senate.. It is rare for candidates, other than those of the six parties which have succeeded as major parties (Federalist Party, Democratic-Republican Party, National Republican Party, Democratic Party, Whig Party, Republican Party), to take large shares of the vote in elections.
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