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Quantum entanglement has been demonstrated experimentally with photons, [13] [14] electrons, [15] [16] top quarks, [17] molecules [18] and even small diamonds. [19] The use of quantum entanglement in communication and computation is an active area of research and development.
Mariana Atencio (born April 2, 1984) is an American journalist, television host, author and speaker who was formerly a correspondent for NBC News. Atencio is a native of Venezuela and holds a master's degree from the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism. In 2020, Atencio cofounded GoLike, a multimedia production company. [1]
Quantum entanglement can be defined only within the formalism of quantum mechanics, i.e., it is a model-dependent property. In contrast, nonlocality refers to the impossibility of a description of observed statistics in terms of a local hidden variable model, so it is independent of the physical model used to describe the experiment.
In quantum mechanics, entanglement swapping is a protocol to transfer quantum entanglement from one pair of particles to another, even if the second pair of particles have never interacted. This process may have application in quantum communication networks and quantum computing .
In 1964, Irish physicist John Stewart Bell carried the analysis of quantum entanglement much further. [5] He deduced that if measurements are performed independently on the two separated particles of an entangled pair, then the assumption that the outcomes depend upon hidden variables within each half implies a mathematical constraint on how the outcomes on the two measurements are correlated.
Shohini Ghose is a quantum physicist and Professor of Physics and Computer Science at Wilfrid Laurier University. [1] She has served as the president of the Canadian Association of Physicists (2019-2020), [2] co-editor-in-chief of the Canadian Journal of Physics, [3] and the Director of the Laurier Centre for Women in Science. [1]
Barbara Terhal was born in Leiden in 1969. [2] Already in her early school days, she enjoyed mathematics, physics and solving puzzles. [3]Terhal completed her PhD Cum Laude on "Quantum Algorithms and Quantum Entanglement" [4] at the University of Amsterdam in 1999, making her the first person to receive a PhD in quantum computing in the Netherlands. [5]
An -particle system is -producible if it is a mixture of states such that each of them is separable with respect to some partition {, …,}, where the size of is at most . [2] [1] If a state is not k-producible then it is at least (+)-particle entangled.