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The WIPO Treaty on Intellectual Property, Genetic Resources and Associated Traditional Knowledge [1] or GRATK Treaty is an international legal instrument to combat biopiracy [2] through disclosure requirements for patent applicants whose inventions are based on genetic resources and/or associated traditional knowledge.
A trade secret is a form of intellectual property (IP) comprising confidential information that is not generally known or readily ascertainable, derives economic value from its secrecy, and is protected by reasonable efforts to maintain its confidentiality.
Brand protection is the process and set of actions that a right holder undertakes to prevent third parties from using its intellectual property without permission, as this may cause loss of revenue and, usually more importantly, destroys brand equity, reputation and trust.
The NATO Agreement for the mutual safeguarding of secrecy of inventions relating to defence and for which applications for patents have been made was signed in Paris on September 21, 1960. It entered into force on January 12, 1961, following deposit of the instruments of ratification by the first two countries, namely the United States and Norway .
According to Rep. Goodlatte, "Intellectual property is one of America's chief job creators and competitive advantages in the global marketplace, yet American inventors, authors, and entrepreneurs have been forced to stand by and watch as their works are stolen by foreign infringers beyond the reach of current U.S. laws.
The term "intellectual property" began to be used in the 19th century, though it was not until the late 20th century that intellectual property became commonplace in most of the world's legal systems. [6] Supporters of intellectual property laws often describe their main purpose as encouraging the creation of a wide variety of intellectual ...