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Whole bowel irrigation with polyethylene glycol and added electrolytes is used for bowel preparation before surgery or colonoscopy or for children with constipation. [6] Macrogol (with brand names such as Laxido, Movicol and Miralax) is the generic name for polyethylene glycol used as a laxative. The name may be followed by a number that ...
The OMEGA process ("Only MEG Advantage") [1] is a chemical process discovered by the Shell Global Solutions company that is used to produce ethylene glycol from ethylene.This process comprises two steps, the controlled oxidation of ethylene to ethylene oxide, and the net hydrolysis of ethylene oxide to monoethylene glycol (MEG). [2]
Ethylene glycol is widely used to inhibit the formation of natural gas clathrates (hydrates) in long multiphase pipelines that convey natural gas from remote gas fields to a gas processing facility. Ethylene glycol can be recovered from the natural gas and reused as an inhibitor after purification treatment that removes water and inorganic salts.
In the production process, two-thirds of the triethylaluminium produced is recycled back into the reactor, and only one-third is used to produce the fatty alcohols. The recycling step is used to produce triethylaluminium at a higher yield and with less time. Triethylaluminium reacts with ethylene to form higher molecular weight trialkylaluminium.
Second, a melt condensation of ethylene glycol and adipic acid could be carried out at 190-200 °C under nitrogen atmosphere. [7] Lastly, a two-step reaction between adipic acid and ethylene glycol can be carried out. A polyesterification reaction is carried out first followed by polycondensation in the presence of a catalyst.
In polymer chemistry, step-growth polymerization refers to a type of polymerization mechanism in which bi-functional or multifunctional monomers react to form first dimers, then trimers, longer oligomers and eventually long chain polymers.
3. Polar columns (like DB-WAX or HP-FFAP): These are polyethylene glycol (PEG) columns. They are more suited for polar compounds, but Lauryl Alcohol Ethoxylates may still need derivatization. The DB-5 or HP-5 column is often preferred for surfactants like ethoxylates due to its moderate polarity, providing good separation of ethoxylation products.
Depolymerization is also related to production of chemicals and fuels from biomass. In this case, reagents are typically required. A simple case is the hydrolysis of celluloses to glucose by the action of water. Generally this process requires an acid catalyst: H(C 6 H 10 O 5) n OH + (n - 1) H 2 O → n C 6 H 12 O 6