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[2] kè literally means "mark" or "engraving", referring to the marks placed on sundials [4] or water clocks [5] to help keep time. Using the definition of kè as 1 ⁄ 100 of a day, each kè is equal to 0.24 hours, 14.4 minutes, or 14 minutes 24 seconds. Every shí contains 8 1 ⁄ 3 kè, with 7 or 8 full kè and partial beginning or ending kè.
Liang Lingzan (simplified Chinese: 梁令瓒; traditional Chinese: 梁令瓚; pinyin: Liáng Lìngzàn; Wade–Giles: Liang Ling-Tsan) was a Chinese artist, astronomer, inventor, mechanical engineer and politician of the Kaiyuan era during the Tang dynasty.
A water clock or clepsydra (from Ancient Greek κλεψύδρα (klepsúdra) 'pipette, water clock'; from κλέπτω (kléptō) 'to steal' and ὕδωρ (hydor) 'water'; lit. ' water thief ' ) is a timepiece by which time is measured by the regulated flow of liquid into (inflow type) or out from (outflow type) a vessel, and where the amount ...
The Korean water clock consisted of two stacked jars of water, with water dropping from the top to the bottom at a measured rate. The level of the water indicated the time of the day. This was very inconvenient because a person had to be always be on guard, so that a drum could be banged at each hour to inform the public of the current time.
Yi Xing's astronomical clock and water-powered armillary sphere became well known throughout the country, since students attempting to pass the imperial examinations by 730 had to write an essay on the device as an exam requirement. [25] However, the most common type of public and palace timekeeping device was the inflow clepsydra.
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Al-Jazari's candle clock. Al-Jazari described a candle clock in 1206. [4] It included a dial to display the time and, for the first time, employed a bayonet fitting, a fastening mechanism still used in modern times. [5] The English engineer and historian Donald Routledge Hill described one of al-Jazari's candle clocks as follows: