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Glucose transporter 1 (or GLUT1), also known as solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1 (SLC2A1), is a uniporter protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC2A1 gene. [1] GLUT1 facilitates the transport of glucose across the plasma membranes of mammalian cells. [ 2 ]
GLUT1 deficiency syndrome, also known as GLUT1-DS, De Vivo disease or Glucose transporter type 1 deficiency syndrome, is an autosomal dominant genetic metabolic disorder associated with a deficiency of GLUT1, the protein that transports glucose across the blood brain barrier. [1]
Expressed mostly in neurons (where it is believed to be the main glucose transporter isoform), and in the placenta. Is a high-affinity isoform, allowing it to transport even in times of low glucose concentrations. GLUT4: Expressed in adipose tissues and striated muscle (skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle). Is the insulin-regulated glucose ...
Due to its ubiquitous presence, it is proposed that GLUT1 is at least somewhat responsible for basal glucose uptake. [5] Basal blood glucose levels are approximately 5 mM . The Km value—which indicates the affinity of a transporter for glucose—is 1 mM for GLUT1 and GLUT3. Since a lower Km value corresponds to a higher affinity, these ...
GLUT3 was the third glucose transporter to be discovered, first cloned in 1988 from a fetal skeletal muscle cell line, using a GLUT1 cDNA probe and shown to share 64.4% identity with GLUT1. [ 1 ] Function
The glucose transporter (GLUTs) is a type of uniporter responsible for the facilitated diffusion of glucose molecules across cell membranes. [9] Glucose is a vital energy source for most living cells, however, due to its large size, it cannot freely move through the cell membrane. [16]
The transport of glucose across the proximal tubule cell membrane involves a complex process of secondary active transport (also known as co-transport). [3] This process begins with the Na + /K + ATPase on the basolateral membrane. This enzyme uses ATP to pump 3 sodium ions out of the cell into the blood while bringing 2 potassium ions into the ...
Although sodium-dependent transporters for vitamin C exists, it is present mainly in specialized cells whereas the glucose transporters, most notably GLUT1, transport DHA in most cells, [3] where recycling back to ascorbic acid generates the necessary enzyme cofactor and intracellular antioxidant, (see Transport to mitochondria).