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The "small" excommunication is simply barring an individual from the Lord's Supper and "other fellowship in the church". [23] While the "great" excommunication excluded a person from both the church and political communities which he considered to be outside the authority of the church and only for civil leaders. [24]
Mercenary bands known as the 'free companies' that had overrun Italy and France were excommunicated by Blessed Urban V in 1366. Included in this excommunication were the German Konrad von Landau and the Englishman Sir John Hawkwood. [53] Pedro the Cruel was excommunicated by Blessed Urban V for his persecutions of clergy and cruelty. [54]
Excommunication—literally, the denial of communion—usually means that a person is barred from participating in the Sacraments or holding ecclesiastical office. Ne Romani (1311), promulgated by Pope Clement V during the Council of Vienne, extended suffrage in papal election to excommunicated cardinals in an attempt to limit schisms. [1]
Excommunication is intended to invite the person to change behaviour or attitude, repent, and return to full communion. [1] It is not an "expiatory penalty" designed to make satisfaction for the wrong done, much less a "vindictive penalty" designed solely to punish. Excommunication, which is the gravest penalty of all, is always "medicinal". [2]
Excommunication is an ecclesiastical penalty placed on a person to encourage the person to return to the communion of the church. An excommunicated person cannot receive any sacraments or exercise an office within the church until the excommunication is lifted by a valid authority in the church (usually a bishop). Previously, other penalties ...
A vitandus (Latin for "(one) to be avoided"; plural: vitandi) was someone subject to a decree of excommunication which called for Catholics to shun that person. [3] [4] The three criteria to be a vitantus were: [5] the decree of excommunication must be publicly announced; the excommunicate's name must be mentioned in the decree
The phrase "bell, book, and candle" refers to a Latin Christian method of excommunication by anathema, imposed on a person who had committed an exceptionally grievous sin. Evidently introduced by Pope Zachary around the middle of the 8th century, [ 1 ] the rite was once used by the Latin Church .
Pages in category "People excommunicated by the Catholic Church" The following 200 pages are in this category, out of approximately 444 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. (previous page)