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Maritime archaeology (also known as marine archaeology) is a discipline within archaeology as a whole that specifically studies human interaction with the sea, [1] lakes and rivers through the study of associated physical remains, be they vessels, shore-side facilities, port-related structures, cargoes, human remains and submerged landscapes. [2]
The convention is intended to protect "all traces of human existence having a cultural, historical or archaeological character" which have been under water for over 100 years. [1]: Art.1 This extends to the protection of shipwrecks, sunken cities, prehistoric art work, treasures that may be looted, sacrificial and burial sites, and old ports ...
Popular discussion of this early Holocene Black Sea flood scenario was headlined in The New York Times in December 1996 [10] and later published as a book. [9] In a series of expeditions widely covered by mainstream media, a team of marine archaeologists led by Robert Ballard identified what appeared to be ancient shorelines, freshwater snail shells, drowned river valleys, tool-worked timbers ...
Satellite image of the North Sea Modern map. The North Sea has an extensive history of maritime commerce, resource extraction, and warfare among the people and nations on its coasts. Archaeological evidence shows the migration of people and technology between Continental Europe, the British Isles, and Scandinavia throughout prehistory.
The archaeology of shipwrecks is the field of archaeology specialized most commonly in the study and exploration of shipwrecks. [1] Its techniques combine those of archaeology with those of diving to become Underwater archaeology. However, shipwrecks are discovered on what have become terrestrial sites. [2]
Global sea levels during the Last Ice Age (South Asia) Marine Archeology in the Gulf of Khambhat - earlier known as Gulf of Cambay - centers around controversial findings made in December 2000 by the National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT) under the Gulf of Khambhat, a bay on the Arabian Sea on the west coast of India. The structures and ...
There are many reasons why underwater archaeology can make a significant contribution to our knowledge of the past. In the shipwreck field alone, individual shipwrecks can be of significant historical importance either because of the magnitude of loss of life (such as the Titanic) or circumstances of loss (Housatonic was the first vessel in history sunk by an enemy submarine).
In 2016, the Black Sea Maritime Archaeology Project was initiated, which uncovered 41 shipwrecks off the Bulgarian coast of the Black Sea within just a few months of initiation. The ships were documented with 3D photogrammetry, revealing their intricate details. Some of the ships were well preserved and date back to Byzantine times. [8]