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Rituximab, sold under the brand name Rituxan among others, is a monoclonal antibody medication used to treat certain autoimmune diseases and types of cancer. [18] It is used for non-Hodgkin lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (in children and adults, but not recommended in elderly patients), rheumatoid arthritis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura ...
Multiple myeloma has been diagnosed in dogs, [157] cats, and horses. [158] In dogs, multiple myeloma accounts for around 8% of all haemopoietic tumors. Multiple myeloma occurs in older dogs and is not particularly associated with either males or females. No breeds appear overrepresented in case reviews that have been conducted. [159]
CD20 is a protein that is found on the surface of B-cells and thus serves as an important target in the treatment of many B-cell malignances, including CLL. [45] Some CD20 antibodies that have been used for the treatment of CLL include: [45] Rituximab; Ofatumumab; Obinutuzumab
Because of a high immunogenicity of polyclonal antibodies, almost all patients have an acute reaction to the treatment. It is characterized by fever, rigor episodes, and even anaphylaxis. Later during the treatment, some patients develop serum sickness or immune complex glomerulonephritis. Serum sickness arises seven to fourteen days after the ...
Histiocytoma is a benign skin tumor that is more frequent in young dogs (<4 years), and often regresses without treatment. [ 165 ] Malignant histiocytosis ( histiocytic sarcoma ) is an aggressive cancer found primarily in certain breeds including the Bernese Mountain Dog , rottweiler , golden retriever and flat coated retriever .
The treatment of side effects is also important as they can occur due to the chemotherapy or the stem cell transplantation. It was evaluated whether mesenchymal stromal cells can be used for the treatment and prophylaxis of graft-versus-host diseases. The evidence is very uncertain about the therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stromal cells to ...
Rituximab combined with methotrexate appears to be more effective in improving symptoms compared to methotrexate alone. [133] Rituximab works by decreasing levels of B-cells (immune cell that is involved in inflammation). People taking rituximab had improved pain, function, reduced disease activity and reduced joint damage based on x-ray images.
However, the use of bleeding time in diagnosis is discouraged by the American Society of Hematology practice guidelines [15] and a normal bleeding time does not exclude a platelet disorder. [16] Bone marrow examination may be performed on patients over the age of 60 and those who do not respond to treatment, or when the diagnosis is in doubt. [12]