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From 800 AD, Three Sisters crop organization was used in the largest Native American city north of the Rio Grande known as Cahokia, located in the Mississippi floodplain to the east of modern St. Louis, Missouri. It spanned over 13 square kilometres (5.0 sq mi) and supported populations of at least thousands. [25]
A Three Sisters planting of corn, squash and pole beans is an example of companion planting, which is more productive and resilient than planting all three crops in separate locations.
Sunflowers were the earliest crop planted in spring. Sunflowers were planted in clumps around the edges of fields. Maize was next planted. Indian planting techniques are called Three Sisters agriculture. About five maize seeds were sown in a low mound of soil. The mounds were spaced about five feet apart.
The natives grew corn, squash, and beans, along with other crops in the terraced fields. Corn, squash, and beans were staple crops for Native Americans and were grown throughout much of the North American continent. This trio is known as the Three sisters. Ancient folklore belief says that the Three Sisters represented three goddesses.
Mt. Pleasant J. Food yields and nutrient analyses of the Three Sisters: A Haudenosaunee cropping system. Ethnobiology Letters. 2016 Jan 1;7(1):87-98. Cited 15 times, according to Google Scholar. [1] Mt. Pleasant J, McCollum RE, Coble HD. Weed population dynamics and weed control in the Peruvian Amazon. Agronomy Journal. 1990 Jan;82(1):102-12 ...
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Squash and beans, the other two crops that make up the famous "three sisters" agricultural trilogy, migrated up similar routes and eventually became firmly established in native agricultural systems in Virginia around 900 A.D. during the beginning of the Middle Woodland Period. [4]
Polyculture is the growing of multiple crops together in the same place at the same time. It has traditionally been the most prevalent form of agriculture. [1] Regions where polycultures form a substantial part of agriculture include the Himalayas, Eastern Asia, South America, and Africa. [2]