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The squid giant synapse (Fig 1) was first recognized by John Zachary Young in 1939. It lies in the stellate ganglion on each side of the midline, at the posterior wall of the squid’s muscular mantle. Activation of this synapse triggers a synchronous contraction of the mantle musculature, causing the forceful ejection of a jet of water from ...
The same is true of the chitinous gladius of squid [83] and octopuses. [84] Cirrate octopods have arch-shaped cartilaginous fin supports, [85] which are sometimes referred to as a "shell vestige" or "gladius". [86] The Incirrina have either a pair of rod-shaped stylets or no vestige of an internal shell, [87] and some squid also lack a gladius ...
Gladius, showing measurement of rachis and vane. The gladius (pl.: gladii), or pen, is a hard internal bodypart found in many cephalopods of the superorder Decapodiformes (particularly squids) and in a single extant member of the Octopodiformes, the vampire squid (Vampyroteuthis infernalis). [1]
The squid giant axon is the very large (up to 1.5 mm in diameter; typically around 0.5 mm) axon that controls part of the water jet propulsion system in squid.
The vampire squid (Vampyroteuthis infernalis, lit. 'vampire squid from hell') is a small cephalopod found throughout temperate and tropical oceans in extreme deep sea conditions. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The vampire squid uses its bioluminescent organs and its unique oxygen metabolism to thrive in the parts of the ocean with the lowest concentrations of oxygen.
For example, the common cuttlefish and the opalescent inshore squid (Doryteuthis opalescens) have yellow, red, and brown, the European common squid (Alloteuthis subulata) has yellow and red, and the common octopus has yellow, orange, red, brown, and black. [46] In cuttlefish, activation of a chromatophore can expand its surface area by 500%.
The squid’s nerves and muscles control whether the sac is expanded or contracted. When it expands, it’s like a balloon filling up with a colored liquid. When all of the chromatophores across ...
Alan Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley described the model in 1952 to explain the ionic mechanisms underlying the initiation and propagation of action potentials in the squid giant axon. [1] They received the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for this work.