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The Venera 12 (Russian: Венера-12 meaning Venus 12) was an uncrewed Soviet space mission designed to explore the planet Venus. Venera 12 was launched on 14 September 1978 at 02:25:13 UTC . [ 3 ]
Venera 4 was the first successful probe, and showed that CO 2 is the main component in Venus' atmosphere. [15] [5] Venera 7 found the temperature and pressure data as well as the atmospheric composition. [5] [16] Venera 8 measured the K, U, and Th on the surface through gamma-ray analysis. [5]
Image of the transit taken by NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory spacecraft. Venus is in the upper right quadrant. The 2012 transit of Venus, when the planet Venus appeared as a small, dark spot passing across the face of the Sun, began at 22:09 UTC on 5 June 2012, and finished at 04:49 UTC on 6 June. [1]
Zond 3MV-1 No.2 [3] (or No. 4A [4]), also known as Venera 1964A in the West, was a Soviet spacecraft, which was launched in 1964 as part of the Zond program. Due to a problem with its carrier rocket third stage, it failed to reach low Earth orbit .
This is a list of spacecraft powered by non-rechargeable batteries.While most spacecraft are powered by longer-lasting power sources such as solar cells or radioisotope thermoelectric generators, which can provide power for years to decades, some have been powered by primary (non-rechargeable) electrochemical cells, which provide runtimes of minutes to months.
Venera 4V-2 (Russian: Венера 4В-2) was a series of two identical spacecraft sent to Venus by the Soviet Union, consisting of Venera 15 and Venera 16. [1] Both uncrewed orbiters were to map the surface of Venus using high resolution imaging systems. The spacecraft were identical and based on modifications to the earlier Venera space probes.
On 5 March 1979, Soviet spacecraft Venera 11 and Venera 12, then in heliocentric orbit, were hit by a blast of gamma radiation at approximately 10:51 EST.This contact raised the radiation readings on both the probes from a normal 100 counts per second to over 200,000 counts a second in only a fraction of a millisecond.
The SIGNE 2 detectors were simultaneously flown on Venera 12 and Prognoz 7 to allow triangulation of gamma ray sources. Before and after Venus flyby, Venera 11 and Venera 12 yielded detailed time-profiles for 143 gamma-ray bursts, resulting in the first ever catalog of such events. The last gamma-ray burst reported by Venera 11 occurred on ...