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  2. VSEPR theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VSEPR_theory

    The bond angle for water is 104.5°. Valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory (/ ˈvɛspər, vəˈsɛpər / VESP-ər, [ 1 ]: 410və-SEP-ər[ 2 ]) is a model used in chemistry to predict the geometry of individual molecules from the number of electron pairs surrounding their central atoms. [ 3 ] It is also named the Gillespie-Nyholm ...

  3. Steric effects - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steric_effects

    Steric effects arise from the spatial arrangement of atoms. When atoms come close together there is generally a rise in the energy of the molecule. Steric effects are nonbonding interactions that influence the shape (conformation) and reactivity of ions and molecules. Steric effects complement electronic effects, which dictate the shape and ...

  4. Stearyl alcohol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stearyl_alcohol

    Stearyl alcohol, or 1-octadecanol, is an organic compound classified as a saturated fatty alcohol with the formula CH 3 (CH 2) 16 CH 2 OH. It takes the form of white granules or flakes, which are insoluble in water. It has a wide range of uses as an ingredient in lubricants, resins, perfumes, and cosmetics.

  5. Sulfur dioxide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfur_dioxide

    Sulfur dioxide exists in wine in free and bound forms, and the combinations are referred to as total SO 2. Binding, for instance to the carbonyl group of acetaldehyde, varies with the wine in question. The free form exists in equilibrium between molecular SO 2 (as a dissolved gas) and bisulfite ion, which is in turn in equilibrium with sulfite ...

  6. Stereoelectronic effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereoelectronic_effect

    In chemistry, primarily organic and computational chemistry, a stereoelectronic effect[1] is an effect on molecular geometry, reactivity, or physical properties due to spatial relationships in the molecules ' electronic structure, in particular the interaction between atomic and/or molecular orbitals. [2] Phrased differently, stereoelectronic ...

  7. Structural formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_formula

    Skeletal structural formula of Vitamin B 12.Many organic molecules are too complicated to be specified by a molecular formula.. The structural formula of a chemical compound is a graphic representation of the molecular structure (determined by structural chemistry methods), showing how the atoms are possibly arranged in the real three-dimensional space.

  8. Molecular geometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_geometry

    Molecular geometry. Geometry of the water molecule with values for O-H bond length and for H-O-H bond angle between two bonds. Molecular geometry is the three-dimensional arrangement of the atoms that constitute a molecule. It includes the general shape of the molecule as well as bond lengths, bond angles, torsional angles and any other ...

  9. Sorbic acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorbic_acid

    Sorbic acid, or 2,4-hexadienoic acid, is a natural organic compound used as a food preservative. It has the chemical formula CH3(CH)4CO2H and the structure H 3 C −CH=CH−CH=CH− C (=O)OH. It is a colourless solid that is slightly soluble in water and sublimes readily. It was first isolated from the unripe berries of the Sorbus aucuparia ...