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The retention of few memories from before the age of four. Choice-supportive bias: The tendency to remember one's choices as better than they actually were. [153] Confirmation bias: The tendency to search for, interpret, or recall information in a way that confirms one's beliefs or hypotheses. See also under § Confirmation bias.
Modus ponens (sometimes abbreviated as MP) says that if one thing is true, then another will be. It then states that the first is true. The conclusion is that the second thing is true. [3] It is shown below in logical form. If A, then B A Therefore B. Before being put into logical form the above statement could have been something like below.
One group was told this was to assess the woman for a job as a librarian, while a second group were told it was for a job in real estate sales. There was a significant difference between what these two groups recalled, with the "librarian" group recalling more examples of introversion and the "sales" groups recalling more extroverted behavior ...
The evolution of social norms has been neglected in decision-making models, but these norms influence the ways in which real people interact with one another and make choices. [12] One tendency is for a person to be a strong reciprocator. [12] This type of person enters a game with the predisposition to cooperate with other players.
The association fallacy is a formal logical fallacy that asserts that properties of one thing must also be properties of another thing if both things belong to the same group. For example, a fallacious arguer may claim that "bears are animals, and bears are dangerous; therefore your dog, which is also an animal, must be dangerous."
It starts from information about one system and infers information about another system based on the resemblance between the two systems. [ 88 ] [ 89 ] Expressed schematically, arguments from analogy have the following form: (1) a is similar to b ; (2) a has feature F ; (3) therefore b probably also has feature F .
Categorization is a type of cognition involving conceptual differentiation between characteristics of conscious experience, such as objects, events, or ideas.It involves the abstraction and differentiation of aspects of experience by sorting and distinguishing between groupings, through classification or typification [1] [2] on the basis of traits, features, similarities or other criteria that ...
Rational choice theory has become one of the major tools used to study international relations. Proponents of its use in this field typically assume that states and the policies crafted at the national outcome are the outcome of self-interested, politically shrewd actors including, but not limited to, politicians, lobbyists, businesspeople ...