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The current British Standard for metallic materials including wire is BS 6722:1986, which is a solely metric standard, superseding 3737:1964, which used the SWG system. The IEC 60228 , used in most parts of the world, defines standard wire sizes based on their cross-sectional areas as expressed in mm 2 . [ 3 ]
The resistance of copper wire is approximately 1 Ω / 1000 ft for 10 AWG, 10 Ω / 1000 ft for 20 AWG, 100 Ω / 1000 ft for 30 AWG, and so on. [ 5 ] : 27 For an arbitrary gauge n , it's approximately 10 n /10 Ω per 10 000 ft .
The conversion factor from square mils to circular mils is therefore 4/ π cmil per square mil: 4 π c m i l m i l 2 . {\displaystyle {\rm {{\frac {4}{\pi }}{\frac {cmil}{mil^{2}}}.}}} The formula for the area of an arbitrary circle in circular mils can be derived by applying this conversion factor to the standard formula for the area of a ...
The SI unit of electrical conductivity is siemens per metre (S/m). Resistivity and conductivity are intensive properties of materials, giving the opposition of a standard cube of material to current. Electrical resistance and conductance are corresponding extensive properties that give the opposition of a specific object to electric current.
A standard wire gauge. The British Standard Wire Gauge, often referred to as the Standard Wire Gauge or simply SWG, is a unit used to denote wire gauge (size) as defined by BS 3737:1964, a standard that has since been withdrawn. It is also known as the Imperial Wire Gauge or British Standard Gauge. Although its use has significantly declined ...
Churchill equation [24] (1977) is the only equation that can be evaluated for very slow flow (Reynolds number < 1), but the Cheng (2008), [25] and Bellos et al. (2018) [8] equations also return an approximately correct value for friction factor in the laminar flow region (Reynolds number < 2300). All of the others are for transitional and ...
A convenient formula (attributed to F.E. Terman) for the diameter D W of a wire of circular cross-section whose resistance will increase by 10% at frequency f is: [7] = / This formula for the increase in AC resistance is accurate only for an isolated wire.
The solutions to the long line transmission equations include incident and reflected portions of the voltage and current: = + + = / + / When the line is terminated with its characteristic impedance, the reflected portions of these equations are reduced to 0 and the solutions to the voltage and current along the transmission line are wholly ...