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The Apgar score is a quick way for health professionals to evaluate the health of all newborns at 1 and 5 minutes after birth and in response to resuscitation. [1] It was originally developed in 1952 by an anesthesiologist at Columbia University, Virginia Apgar, to address the need for a standardized way to evaluate infants shortly after birth.
It consists of the assessment of heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflex irritability, and generalized skin color. Apgar scoring is performed one minute and five minutes after birth. Scoring ranges from 0 to 10, with 0 indicating severe neonatal distress and 10 indicating a smooth transition to extrauterine life. [1]
Virginia Apgar (June 7, 1909 – August 7, 1974) was an American physician, [1] [2] obstetrical anesthesiologist [3] and medical researcher, [4] best known as the inventor of the Apgar score, a way to quickly assess the health of a newborn child immediately after birth in order to combat infant mortality. [5]
The New Ballard Score allows scores of −1 for the criteria, hence making negative scores possible. The possible scores then range from −10 to 50, the gestational range extending up to 20 weeks. (A simple formula to come directly to the age from the Ballard Score is Age=((2*score)+120)) / 5.
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Within about 10 seconds the infant takes its first breath and the caregiver places the baby on the mother's chest. The infant's condition is evaluated using the Apgar scale . [ 14 ] The Apgar score is determined by evaluating the newborn baby on five criteria which are summarized using words chosen to form an acronym (Appearance, Pulse, Grimace ...
I don't know if this helps, but my son was born in December, 2005. The APGAR score was still in use here in Palm Beach County, Florida at that time. Some discussion on the actual mathematics of the scoring might be in order. My son's score was a 9.9. Presumably, each aspect of APGAR is scored from 0-2 in 1 decimal place accuracy.
SOFA was designed to provide a simple daily score, that indicates how the status of the patient evolves over time. Glasgow Coma Scale (also named GCS) is designed to provide the status for the central nervous system. It is often used as part of other scoring systems. FOUR score - 17-point scale for the assessment of level of consciousness. Aims ...