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Malate is acted on by malate dehydrogenase to become oxaloacetate, producing a molecule of NADH. After that, oxaloacetate will be recycled to aspartate, as transaminases prefer these keto acids over the others. This recycling maintains the flow of nitrogen into the cell. Relationship of oxaloacetic acid, malic acid, and aspartic acid
According to clinical studies performed prior to marketing: The oral toxicity profile of afoxolaner consists of a diuretic effect (rats only), effects secondary to a reduction in food consumption (rats and rabbits only) and occasional vomiting and/or diarrhea (dogs, 120 and 200 mg/kg bodyweight (bw)) following high oral doses.
Oxalic acid has an oral LD Lo (lowest published lethal dose) of 600 mg/kg. [65] It has been reported that the lethal oral dose is 15 to 30 grams. [66] The toxicity of oxalic acid is due to kidney failure caused by precipitation of solid calcium oxalate. [67] Oxalate is known to cause mitochondrial dysfunction. [68]
The median effective dose is the dose that produces a quantal effect (all or nothing) in 50% of the population that takes it (median referring to the 50% population base). [6] It is also sometimes abbreviated as the ED 50, meaning "effective dose for 50% of the population". The ED50 is commonly used as a measure of the reasonable expectancy of ...
Acceptable daily intake or ADI is a measure of the amount of a specific substance (originally applied for a food additive, later also for a residue of a veterinary drug or pesticide) in food or drinking water that can be ingested (orally) daily over a lifetime without an appreciable health risk. [1]
Drugs come with a recommended dose in milligrams or micrograms per kilogram of body weight, and that is used in conjunction with the patient's age and body weight to determine a safe dose. In single-dose scenarios, the patient's body weight and the drug's recommended dose per kilogram are used to determine a safe one-time dose.
In enzymology, an oxaloacetase (EC 3.7.1.1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction: [1]. oxaloacetate + H 2 O oxalate + acetate. Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are oxaloacetate and H 2 O, whereas its two products are oxalate and acetate.
Oxamate also plays inhibiting roles with oxaloacetate, an important intermediate for the citric acid cycle. Oxamate competes and binds to the carboxyl transferase domain active site, and reverses the reaction of oxalaoacetate decarboxylation by pyruvate carboxylase .