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The cyanide ion is a reductant and is oxidized by strong oxidizing agents such as molecular chlorine (Cl 2), hypochlorite (ClO −), and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2). These oxidizers are used to destroy cyanides in effluents from gold mining .
Lithium cyanide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula LiCN. It is a toxic, white coloured, hygroscopic , water-soluble salt that finds only niche uses. Preparation
Cyanogen is typically generated from cyanide compounds. One laboratory method entails thermal decomposition of mercuric cyanide: . 2 Hg(CN) 2 → (CN) 2 + Hg 2 (CN) 2 Or, one can combine solutions of copper(II) salts (such as copper(II) sulfate) with cyanides; an unstable copper(II) cyanide is formed which rapidly decomposes into copper(I) cyanide and cyanogen.
Silver cyanide is the chemical compound with the formula AgCN. It is a white salt that is precipitated upon treatment of solutions containing Ag + with cyanide , which is used in some schemes to recover silver from solution.
Potassium cyanide is a compound with the formula KCN. It is a colorless salt, similar in appearance to sugar , that is highly soluble in water. Most KCN is used in gold mining , organic synthesis , and electroplating .
Cyanogen azide is a chemical compound with the chemical formula C N 4, or more precisely − N=N + =N−C≡N. It is an azide compound of carbon and nitrogen. It is an oily, colourless liquid at room temperature. [2] It is a highly explosive chemical that is soluble in most organic solvents, and normally handled in dilute solution in this form.
There are two possible structures for hydrogen cyanide, HCN and CNH, differing only as to the position of the hydrogen atom. The structure with hydrogen attached to nitrogen, CNH, leads to formal charges of -1 on carbon and +1 on nitrogen, which would be partially compensated for by the electronegativity of nitrogen and Pauling calculated the net charges on H, N and C as -0.79, +0.75 and +0.04 ...
It is usually available as the salt potassium ferrocyanide, which has the formula K 4 Fe(CN) 6. [Fe(CN) 6] 4− is a diamagnetic species, featuring low-spin iron(II) center in an octahedral ligand environment. Although many salts of cyanide are highly toxic, ferro- and ferricyanides are less toxic because they tend not to release free cyanide. [1]