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  2. Network processor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_processor

    Intel FWIXP422BB. A network processor is an integrated circuit which has a feature set specifically targeted at the networking application domain.. Network processors are typically software programmable devices and would have generic characteristics similar to general purpose central processing units that are commonly used in many different types of equipment and products.

  3. System bus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_bus

    Example of a single system computer bus. A system bus is a single computer bus that connects the major components of a computer system, combining the functions of a data bus to carry information, an address bus to determine where it should be sent or read from, and a control bus to determine its operation. The technique was developed to reduce ...

  4. Computer multitasking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_multitasking

    Multiprogramming is a computing technique that enables multiple programs to be concurrently loaded and executed into a computer's memory, allowing the CPU to switch between them swiftly. This optimizes CPU utilization by keeping it engaged with the execution of tasks, particularly useful when one program is waiting for I/O operations to complete.

  5. Packet processing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packet_Processing

    Within any network enabled device (e.g. router, switch, network element or terminal such as a computer or smartphone) it is the packet processing subsystem that manages the traversal of the multi-layered network or protocol stack from the lower, physical and network layers all the way through to the application layer.

  6. Task Manager (Windows) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Task_Manager_(Windows)

    Task Manager, previously known as Windows Task Manager, is a task manager, system monitor, and startup manager included with Microsoft Windows systems. It provides information about computer performance and running software, including names of running processes, CPU and GPU load, commit charge, I/O details, logged-in users, and Windows services.

  7. Front-end processor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front-end_processor

    However, FEPs also perform other vital functions, that are closely linked to transaction applications, including message and transaction switching, multiplexing, transaction security, quality of service guarantors, and end-to-end transaction management and reporting. The need for these functions is especially important in mission-critical ...

  8. Operating system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system

    For hardware functions such as input and output and memory allocation, the operating system acts as an intermediary between programs and the computer hardware, [1] [2] although the application code is usually executed directly by the hardware and frequently makes system calls to an OS function or is interrupted by it.

  9. Central processing unit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_processing_unit

    A CPU cache [71] is a hardware cache used by the central processing unit (CPU) of a computer to reduce the average cost (time or energy) to access data from the main memory. A cache is a smaller, faster memory, closer to a processor core , which stores copies of the data from frequently used main memory locations .