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While a laborious administrative unification began, a first Italian parliament was elected and, on 17 March 1861, Victor Emmanuel II was proclaimed king of Italy. [16] From 1861 to 1946, Italy was a constitutional monarchy founded on the Albertine Statute, named after the king who promulgated it in 1848, Charles Albert of Sardinia.
(Born–Died) Term of office Party Election Ref. Took office Left office Alcide De Gasperi (1881–1954) 13 June 1946 1 July 1946 Christian Democracy — [k] 18 days Enrico De Nicola (1877–1959) 1 July 1946 31 December 1947 Italian Liberal Party: 1946
Alcide Amedeo Francesco De Gasperi [a] (3 April 1881 – 19 August 1954) was an Italian politician and statesman who founded the Christian Democracy party and served as prime minister of Italy in eight successive coalition governments from 1945 to 1953.
The Kingdom of Italy (Italian: Regno d'Italia [ˈreɲɲo diˈtaːlja]) was a state that existed from 17 March 1861, when Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia was proclaimed King of Italy, until 10 June 1946, when the monarchy was abolished, following civil discontent that led to an institutional referendum on 2 June 1946.
Fascist Italy became a leading member of the Axis powers in World War II. By 1943, the German-Italian defeat on multiple fronts and the subsequent Allied landings in Sicily led to the fall of the Fascist regime. Mussolini was placed under arrest by order of the King Victor Emmanuel III.
Surrender of Caserta, whereby the German forces in Italy surrender, ending the Italian Campaign of World War II and the Italian Civil War. 10 December: Alcide De Gasperi becomes prime minister, holding the office until 1953. He is one of the Founding Fathers of the European Union and the first republican prime minister of Italy. 1946: 22 April
1946 — He exercised the powers of Provisional Head of State as Prime Minister between the departure of King Umberto II on 12 June 1946, and the proclamation of Enrico De Nicola as Head of State by the Constituent Assembly: 1: Enrico De Nicola (1877–1959) 1: 1 July 1946 25 June 1947 1946 — 78.57% 396 2: 26 June 1947 1 January 1948 1947 ...
Enrico De Nicola was born in Naples and became famous as a penal lawyer.He studied law at the University of Naples, graduating in 1896. [3] As a Liberal he was elected a deputy for the first time in 1909 and, from 1913 to 1921, he filled minor governmental posts until the advent of fascism, when he retired from political life.