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Tarmacadam is a concrete road surfacing material made by combining tar and macadam (crushed stone and sand), patented by Welsh inventor Edgar Purnell Hooley in 1902. It is a more durable and dust-free enhancement of simple compacted stone macadam surfaces invented by Scottish engineer John Loudon McAdam in the early 19th century.
Screwfix Direct Limited, trading as Screwfix, is a retailer of trade tools, accessories and hardware products based in the United Kingdom. [6] Founded in 1979 as the Woodscrew Supply Company, the company was acquired in July 1999 by Kingfisher plc , which also owns B&Q , and is listed on the London Stock Exchange .
Macadam is a type of road construction pioneered by Scottish engineer John Loudon McAdam c. 1820, in which crushed stone is placed in shallow, convex layers and compacted thoroughly. A binding layer of stone dust (crushed stone from the original material) may form; it may also, after rolling, be covered with a cement or bituminous binder to ...
Toolstation was formed in February 2003 by Mark Goddard-Watts, one of the founding family members of Screwfix Direct. [3] In 2012 Goddard-Watts sold his shares to Travis Perkins plc. [4] [5] [6] A distribution centre in Middleton, Greater Manchester opened in August 2018. [7] In 2019 Toolstation opened their 400th store, in Balham. [8]
The company was led by Gerry Murphy from December 2002 to November 2007. [18] In January 2008, Kingfisher appointed Ian Cheshire as group chief executive. [ 18 ] Cheshire was formerly B&Q 's chief executive; his B&Q role was taken over in April 2009, by Euan Sutherland , who also headed up the United Kingdom division of Kingfisher.
John Loudon McAdam, 1830, National Gallery, London. John Loudon McAdam (23 September 1756 [1] – 26 November 1836) was a Scottish civil engineer and road-builder. He invented a new process, "macadamisation", for building roads with a smooth hard surface, using controlled materials of mixed particle size and predetermined structure, that would be more durable and less muddy than soil-based tracks.
Margaret Macadam (1831–1865) [40] Charles Thomas Macadam (1832–1906) [41] became senior partner in Odams, a fertiliser company, [42] [43] and was to hold the Royal Warrant as Purveyor of Chemical Manures to Queen Victoria and was a sponsor of the 1862 International Exhibition. [44]
B&Q account for around a third of their parent company's revenues, seeing like for like sales increase by 5.6% in August 2016. [40] In the year ending 31 January 2007, sales were £3.9 billion despite overall sales falling by 1.7% compared to the previous year, whilst profit was £162.9 million, a fall from £208.5 million during the previous ...