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Valheim is an upcoming survival and sandbox video game by the Swedish developer Iron Gate Studio and published by Coffee Stain Studios. [1] It was released in early access on 2 February 2021 for Linux and Windows via Steam , and for Xbox One and Xbox Series X/S on 14 March 2023.
The blast furnaces used in the Imperial Smelting Process ("ISP") were developed from the standard lead blast furnace, but are fully sealed. [79] This is because the zinc produced by these furnaces is recovered as metal from the vapor phase, and the presence of oxygen in the off-gas would result in the formation of zinc oxide.
Smelting is a process of applying heat and a chemical reducing agent to an ore to extract a desired base metal product. [1] It is a form of extractive metallurgy that is used to obtain many metals such as iron , copper , silver , tin , lead and zinc .
The bloomery was the earliest form of smelter capable of smelting iron. Bloomeries produce a porous mass of iron and slag called a bloom . The mix of slag and iron in the bloom, termed sponge iron , is usually consolidated and further forged into wrought iron .
A bloomery is the original form of smelting and allowed people to make fires hot enough to melt oxides into a liquid that separates from the iron. Although the bloomery was promptly phased out by the invention of the blast furnace, it was still heavily relied on in Africa and Europe until the early part of the second millennium.
An induction furnace is an electrical furnace in which the heat is applied by induction heating of metal. [1] [2] [3] Induction furnace capacities range from less than one kilogram to one hundred tons, and are used to melt iron and steel, copper, aluminum, and precious metals.
The initial product of copper smelting was impure "blister" copper, which contained sulfur and oxygen. To remove these impurities, the blister copper was repeatedly melted and solidified, undergoing a cycle of oxidation and reduction. [7] In one of the previous melting stages, lead was added.
The Electric Smelting and Aluminum Company, founded as Cowles Electric Smelting and Aluminium Company [1] [a], and Cowles Syndicate Company, Limited, was formed in the United States and England during the mid-1880s to extract and supply valuable metals.