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The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is a measure of last resort when attempting to control exposure to respirable crystalline silica. Preventing silicosis may require specific measures. One example is during tunnel construction where purpose-designed cabins are used in addition to air scrubbers to filter the air during construction. [28]
Control banding is a qualitative or semi-quantitative risk assessment and management approach to promoting occupational health and safety.It is intended to minimize worker exposures to hazardous chemicals and other risk factors in the workplace and to help small businesses by providing an easy-to-understand, practical approach to controlling hazardous exposures at work.
Respirable crystalline silica – microscopic particles of silica can be become airborne and inhaled when cutting, sawing, grinding, or drilling rock or concrete. Silica is used for foundry molds and cores, so exposure can occur when grinding on castings. Fracking uses silica. About 2.3 million individuals in the U.S. are exposed to silica at work.
A monitoring plan requires understanding of the work tasks being performed and by whom, and the hazards associated with them. It is important to monitor a statistically representative population. Workers are often divided into "similar exposure groups" with similar work assignments and contaminant exposure profiles.
Engineering control approaches are often oriented towards reducing inhalation exposure through ventilation and isolation of the toxic material. However, isolation can also be useful for preventing skin and eye contact as well, reducing reliance on personal protective equipment which should be the control of last resort.
An occupational exposure limit is an upper limit on the acceptable concentration of a hazardous substance in workplace air for a particular material or class of materials. It is typically set by competent national authorities and enforced by legislation to protect occupational safety and health.